Charlet Laurence D, Aiken Robert M, Miller Jerry F, Seiler Gerald J
USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, 1307 18th St. North, Box 5677, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2009 Jun;102(3):1281-90. doi: 10.1603/029.102.0355.
A 7-yr field study evaluated 61 oilseed sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., accessions and 31 interspecific crosses for resistance to attack by naturally occurring populations of three stem-infesting pests, the sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); a longhorned beetle, Dectes texanus LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae); and a root boring moth, Pelochrista womonana (Kearfott) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), at two locations in the central Great Plains. Germplasm with potential sources of resistance to attack from all three stem-infesting species were revealed. Accessions PI 650558, PI 386230, and PI 431516 were consistent in averaging low densities of stem weevil larvae per stalk among lines tested, and PI 497939 exceeded 25 weevil larvae per stalk in only 1 yr of 5 yr of trials. Several interspecific crosses also had consistently low densities of C. adspersus larvae per stalk. Populations of both D. texanus and P. womonana were variable over years, but differences among the lines tested were evident in many trials, revealing potential for developing resistant germplasm. Four accessions (PI 386230, PI 431542, PI 650497, and PI 650558) had low larval densities of C. adspersus and P. womonana in addition to reduced percentage infestation by D. texanus. Results showed potential for developing resistant genotypes for these pests. The prospect of adding host plant resistance as an integrated pest management (IPM) tactic would provide another tool for reducing economic losses from stem-infesting insect pests of sunflower in the central Great Plains.
一项为期7年的田间研究，在大平原中部的两个地点，对61个油用向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）品种和31个种间杂交种进行了评估，以测定其对三种蛀茎害虫自然种群侵袭的抗性。这三种害虫分别是向日葵茎象甲（Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte)，鞘翅目：象甲科）、一种长角甲虫（Dectes texanus LeConte，鞘翅目：天牛科）和一种蛀根蛾（Pelochrista womonana (Kearfott)，鳞翅目：卷蛾科）。研究发现了对所有三种蛀茎害虫具有潜在抗性来源的种质。在测试的品系中，PI 650558、PI 386230和PI 431516平均每茎的茎象甲幼虫密度较低，且在5年试验中，PI 497939仅在1年中每茎超过25头象甲幼虫。几个种间杂交种每茎的C. adspersus幼虫密度也一直较低。D. texanus和P. womonana的种群数量多年来都有所变化，但在许多试验中，测试品系之间的差异很明显，这表明开发抗性种质具有潜力。四个品种（PI 386230、PI 431542、PI 650497和PI 650558）除了D. texanus的侵染率降低外，C. adspersus和P. womonana的幼虫密度也较低。结果表明开发这些害虫抗性基因型具有潜力。将寄主植物抗性作为一种综合害虫管理（IPM）策略的前景，将为减少大平原中部向日葵蛀茎害虫造成的经济损失提供另一种手段。
