Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2010 Aug;63(8):1283-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2009.06.037. Epub 2009 Jul 18.
Polyotia is an extremely rare type of congenital external ear malformation, which is defined as an accessory ear that is large enough to resemble an additional pinna. The terms 'mirror ear' or 'accessory ear' are sometime used. We present our methods in correcting this malformation and summarise the aetiology.
The posterior part of the polyotia may presents with a normal ear, a constricted ear or a microtic ear. Free auricular composite tissue transplantation was used to correct the constricted ear. Ear reconstruction was applied in cases of microtia. The anterior auricle was mainly used to form the tragus.
7 cases polyotia were treated between 2004 and 2008. After free auricular composite tissue transplantation the size of the constricted ear and the contralateral ear was similar. In microtia cases the reconstructed ears were natural looking and had a satisfactory three-dimensional contour. The extra tissue of the anterior ear was excised and the tragus was reconstructed.
Through operative intervention tailored to the individual case natural-looking and symmetric ears were acquired. The aetiology of polyotia probably relates to abnormal migration of neural crest cell.
多耳畸形是一种极为罕见的先天性外耳畸形，其定义为足够大的副耳，类似于额外的耳廓。有时也使用“镜像耳”或“副耳”等术语。我们介绍了矫正这种畸形的方法，并总结了病因。
多耳畸形的后部可能表现为正常耳、狭窄耳或小耳。采用游离耳廓复合组织移植矫正狭窄耳。对于小耳畸形采用耳再造术。前耳主要用于形成耳屏。
2004 年至 2008 年间，我们治疗了 7 例多耳畸形患者。游离耳廓复合组织移植后，狭窄耳和对侧耳的大小相似。对于小耳畸形患者，再造耳外形自然，具有满意的三维轮廓。切除前耳的多余组织并重建耳屏。
通过针对个体病例的手术干预，可以获得自然对称的耳朵。多耳畸形的病因可能与神经嵴细胞的异常迁移有关。
