Research Department, Arkin Mental Health Institute Amsterdam, 1070 AV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2010 Feb;121(2):84-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01438.x. Epub 2009 Jul 13.
Reviews of urban-rural differences in psychiatric disorders conclude that urban rates may be marginally higher and, specifically, somewhat higher for depression. However, pooled results are not available.
A meta-analysis of urban-rural differences in prevalence was conducted on data taken from 20 population survey studies published since 1985. Pooled urban-rural odds ratios (OR) were calculated for the total prevalence of psychiatric disorders, and specifically for mood, anxiety and substance use disorders.
Significant pooled urban-rural OR were found for the total prevalence of psychiatric disorders, and for mood disorders and anxiety disorders. No significant association with urbanization was found for substance use disorders. Adjustment for various confounders had a limited impact on the urban-rural OR.
Urbanization may be taken into account in the allocation of mental health services.
对精神障碍城乡差异的综述得出结论，城市的发病率可能略高，特别是抑郁症的发病率可能略高。但是，目前还没有汇总结果。
对自 1985 年以来发表的 20 项人群调查研究的数据进行了城乡精神障碍流行率的荟萃分析。针对精神障碍的总流行率以及情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍，计算了城乡比值比（OR）的汇总结果。
在精神障碍的总流行率以及情绪障碍和焦虑障碍方面，发现了显著的城乡比值比（OR）。在物质使用障碍方面，与城市化没有显著关联。对各种混杂因素进行调整对城乡比值比（OR）的影响有限。
在精神卫生服务的分配中，可以考虑城市化因素。
