David John, Irizarry Kristopher J L
College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA.
J Vet Med Educ. 2009 Summer;36(2):202-8. doi: 10.3138/jvme.36.2.202.
Problem-based learning (PBL) creates an atmosphere in which veterinary students must take responsibility for their own education. Unlike a traditional curriculum where students receive discipline-specific information by attending formal lectures, PBL is designed to elicit self-directed, student-centered learning such that each student determines (1) what he/she does not know (learning issues), (2) what he/she needs to learn, (3) how he/she will learn it, and (4) what resources he/she will use. One of the biggest challenges facing students in a PBL curriculum is efficient time management while pursuing learning issues. Bioinformatics resources, such as the PubMatrix literature-mining tool, allow access to tremendous amounts of information almost instantaneously. To accelerate student-centered learning it is necessary to include resources that enhance the rate at which students can process biomedical information. Unlike using the PubMed interface directly, the PubMatrix tool enables users to automate queries, allowing up to 1,000 distinct PubMed queries to be executed per single PubMatrix submission. Users may submit multiple PubMatrix queries per session, resulting in the ability to execute tens of thousands of PubMed queries in a single day. The intuitively organized results, which remain accessible from PubMatrix user accounts, enable students to rapidly assimilate and process hundreds of thousands of individual publication records as they relate to the student's specific learning issues and query terms. Subsequently, students can explore substantially more of the biomedical publication landscape per learning issue and spend a greater fraction of their time actively engaged in resolving their learning issues.
基于问题的学习（PBL）营造了一种氛围，在这种氛围中兽医专业学生必须对自己的教育负责。与传统课程不同，在传统课程中，学生通过参加正式讲座来获取特定学科的信息，而PBL旨在引发自主的、以学生为中心的学习，使每个学生确定（1）自己不知道什么（学习问题），（2）需要学习什么，（3）将如何学习，以及（4）将使用什么资源。PBL课程中，学生面临的最大挑战之一是在探索学习问题时进行有效的时间管理。生物信息学资源，如PubMatrix文献挖掘工具，几乎能让用户瞬间获取大量信息。为了加快以学生为中心的学习，有必要纳入能提高学生处理生物医学信息速度的资源。与直接使用PubMed界面不同，PubMatrix工具能让用户自动进行查询，每次提交单个PubMatrix查询最多可执行1000个不同的PubMed查询。用户每次会话可提交多个PubMatrix查询，从而能够在一天内执行数万次PubMed查询。直观组织的结果可从PubMatrix用户账户获取，使学生能够迅速吸收和处理数十万条与学生特定学习问题和查询词相关的个人出版物记录。随后，每个学习问题上，学生能够探索更多的生物医学出版物领域，并将更多时间用于积极解决他们的学习问题。
