Ferguson M K
Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Illinois.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;4(6):1053-68.
Lung cancer remains the most common cause of death due to neoplasm in the United States. Despite recent efforts, early diagnosis provided through screening studies has not resulted in improved survival. Most lung cancer victims are symptomatic at presentation, and 50% have distant metastases. The diagnosis, often suspected on plain chest radiograph, can usually be confirmed with bronchoscopy or sputum cytology. The most useful routine staging evaluation, in addition to history and physical examination, is computed tomography. The routine use of other staging modalities is not recommended. A new staging system, currently in use throughout North America, western Europe, and Japan, permits accurate estimation of prognosis and assignment to therapeutic groups.
在美国，肺癌仍是因肿瘤导致死亡的最常见原因。尽管最近做出了努力，但通过筛查研究实现的早期诊断并未带来生存率的提高。大多数肺癌患者在就诊时都有症状，50% 有远处转移。诊断通常在胸部X光平片上被怀疑，通常可以通过支气管镜检查或痰细胞学检查来确诊。除病史和体格检查外，最有用的常规分期评估是计算机断层扫描。不建议常规使用其他分期方式。一种新的分期系统目前在北美、西欧和日本普遍使用，它能够准确估计预后并分配到治疗组。
