Mayet A, Berger F, Haus-Cheymol R, Pommier de Santi V, Verret C, Ollivier L, Duron S, Spiegel A, Deparis X, Migliani R
Service de santé des armées, département d'épidémiologie et de santé publique Nord, école du Val-de-Grâce, Paris, France.
Med Mal Infect. 2010 Feb;40(2):81-7. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2009.06.013. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
Pertussis surveillance in the French general population was stopped in 1986. Pertussis was added to the list of illnesses surveyed by the military epidemiological surveillance network because of outbreaks having occurred among French servicepersons and in military high schools. This study had for aim to report the results of the first year of surveillance.
Pertussis declaration criteria were those recommended in 2006 by the French council for public hygiene. The data concerning active military servicepersons was collected by physicians of all military medical units. An anonymous declaration form was used for data collection.
In 2007, 66 cases of pertussis were reported in the military forces, 10 of which were excluded after a negative biological test. The classification of the 56 included cases was: 46% biologically confirmed cases, 20% clinically confirmed cases, 14% suspected cases, and 6% epidemiologically confirmed cases. The incidence density rate was 16.3 cases for 100,000 servicepersons-years. Age under 20 was associated with a 4.6 fold higher risk to develop pertussis.
The high incidence rate observed in individuals under 20 years of age could reflect a shift of pertussis reservoir to young adults, as observed in industrialized countries after generalization of vaccination programs. However, several years of surveillance will be needed to confirm this hypothesis. Meanwhile, the military epidemiological network could constitute an important surveillance marker of pertussis among adults in France.
法国普通人群中的百日咳监测于1986年停止。由于法国军人及军事院校爆发百日咳疫情，百日咳被纳入军事流行病学监测网络的监测疾病名单。本研究旨在报告第一年的监测结果。
百日咳报告标准采用法国公共卫生委员会2006年推荐的标准。所有军事医疗单位的医生收集现役军人的数据。使用匿名报告表进行数据收集。
2007年，军队中报告了66例百日咳病例，其中10例经生物学检测为阴性后被排除。56例纳入病例的分类为：46%为生物学确诊病例，20%为临床确诊病例，14%为疑似病例，6%为流行病学确诊病例。发病密度率为每10万军人年16.3例。20岁以下人群患百日咳的风险高4.6倍。
在20岁以下人群中观察到的高发病率可能反映了百日咳储存宿主向年轻人的转移，这与工业化国家在疫苗接种计划普及后观察到的情况一致。然而，需要数年的监测来证实这一假设。同时，军事流行病学网络可能成为法国成年人百日咳的重要监测指标。
