Triay E, Bergman L, Nilsson B, All-Ericsson C, Seregard S
St Eriks Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE 112 82 Stockholm, Sweden.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2009 Nov;93(11):1524-8. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2009.157933. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
To study time trends in the incidence of conjunctival melanoma in Sweden.
All patients with conjunctival melanoma from 1960 to 2005 in Sweden were identified through the Swedish Cancer Registry, cross-checked against hospital files, and validated by histopathological review (97.5%) or detailed hospital records (2.5%). The crude and age-standardised incidences were estimated separately for each sex and the annual change in incidence over time was estimated using a regression model with logarithmic incidence numbers. Time trends for the largest diameter, thickness and location of the tumour when diagnosed were analysed.
The age-standardised incidence of conjunctival melanoma increased significantly in men (n = 89) from 0.10 cases/million to 0.74 cases/million (p = 0.001) and in women (n = 81) from 0.06 cases/million to 0.45 cases/million (p = 0.007). The annual relative change in age-standardised incidence was 16.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 12.2 to 21.6) in men and 19.5% (95% CI 9.3 to 29.7) in women. The age-specific incidence was higher in men and women > or = 65 years (1.48 and 1.39 cases/million, respectively) than in younger men and women (0.3 and 0.2 cases/million, respectively). During the period of study, tumours became smaller (p = 0.005) and thinner (p = 0.002) at the time of diagnosis and increasingly arose from parts of the conjunctiva exposed to ultraviolet radiation (p = 0.001).
The incidence of conjunctival melanoma increased in Sweden during the period 1960 to 2005.
研究瑞典结膜黑色素瘤的发病率随时间的变化趋势。
通过瑞典癌症登记处识别出1960年至2005年瑞典所有结膜黑色素瘤患者，与医院病历进行交叉核对，并经组织病理学检查（97.5%）或详细的医院记录（2.5%）验证。分别估算了各性别的粗发病率和年龄标准化发病率，并使用对数发病率的回归模型估算发病率随时间的年度变化。分析了诊断时肿瘤最大直径、厚度和位置的时间趋势。
结膜黑色素瘤的年龄标准化发病率在男性（n = 89）中从每百万0.10例显著增加至每百万0.74例（p = 0.001），在女性（n = 81）中从每百万0.06例增加至每百万0.45例（p = 0.007）。年龄标准化发病率的年度相对变化在男性中为16.9%（95%置信区间（CI）12.2至21.6），在女性中为19.5%（95%CI 9.3至29.7）。65岁及以上男性和女性的年龄别发病率（分别为每百万1.48例和1.39例）高于年轻男性和女性（分别为每百万0.3例和0.2例）。在研究期间，诊断时肿瘤变得更小（p = 0.005）、更薄（p = 0.002），并且越来越多地起源于暴露于紫外线辐射的结膜部位（p = 0.001）。
1960年至2005年期间瑞典结膜黑色素瘤的发病率有所增加。
