Chen Xu, Bu Zhao-jun, Wang Sheng-zhong, Li Hong-kai, Zhao Hong-yan
Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of State Environmental Protection Administration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2009 Mar;20(3):574-8.
Based on field investigation and by using Levins and Pianka formula, the niches of seven bryophyte species in Hani Peatland of Changbai Mountains were studied. The results showed that the average niche breadth in nine environmental factors (total nitrogen, total phosphorous, K+ and Ca2+ in peat, pH,and electrical conductivity of surface water, tree coverage, shrub coverage, and depth to water table) of the seven species decreased in the order of Aulacomnium palustre > Sphagnum fallax > S. magellanicum > S. capillifolium = Polytrichum juniperinum > S. palustre > S. fuiscum. S. fuscum tended to be niche-specific species, while A. palustre tended to be niche-general species. Among the nine environmental factors, surface water electrical conductivity had the highest mean overlap value, while depth to water table, tree coverage, surface water pH, and shrub coverage had the lowest one, being the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of bryophytes. Most bryophyte species differentiated in their niches in the factors of depth to water table, tree coverage, surface water pH, and shrub coverage; while a few bryophyte species had higher overlap value in all of the test environmental factors due to their collaboration relationships in water use. This higher overlap value could offer indirect evidence of interspecific competition of bryophytes.
基于实地调查，运用Levins和Pianka公式，对长白山哈尼泥炭地7种苔藓植物的生态位进行了研究。结果表明，这7种苔藓植物在9个环境因子（泥炭中的全氮、全磷、钾离子和钙离子、pH值、地表水的电导率、树木覆盖率、灌木覆盖率和地下水位深度）中的平均生态位宽度排序为：沼羽藓＞尖叶泥炭藓＞大泥炭藓＞细叶泥炭藓 = 桧叶金发藓＞泥炭藓＞锈色泥炭藓。锈色泥炭藓倾向于生态位特化物种，而沼羽藓倾向于生态位泛化物种。在9个环境因子中，地表水的电导率平均重叠值最高，而地下水位深度、树木覆盖率、地表水pH值和灌木覆盖率的平均重叠值最低，是影响苔藓植物分布的主要环境因子。大多数苔藓植物物种在地下水位深度、树木覆盖率、地表水pH值和灌木覆盖率等因子上的生态位存在分化；而少数苔藓植物物种由于在水分利用上的协作关系，在所有测试环境因子中的重叠值较高。这种较高的重叠值可为苔藓植物种间竞争提供间接证据。
