Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 26;57(16):7591-5. doi: 10.1021/jf900773w.
Xanthohumol is a proapoptotic hop-derived beer component with anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Similar to nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo suicidal cell death or eryptosis, which is triggered by oxidative stress (tert-butylhydroperoxide, TBOOH) or energy depletion (removal of glucose). The triggers increase cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, leading to activation of Ca(2+)-sensitive K(+) channels with subsequent cell shrinkage and to cell membrane scrambling with subsequent phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptotic cells are cleared from the circulating blood, leading to anemia, and may adhere to the vascular wall, thus impeding microcirculation. The present experiments explored whether xanthohumol influences eryptosis using flow cytometry. Exposure of human erythrocytes to 0.3 mM TBOOH or incubation in glucose-free solution significantly increased Fluo3 fluorescence (Ca(2+) concentration) as well as annexin V-binding (cell membrane scrambling) and decreased forward scatter (cell volume), effects significantly blunted by xanthohumol. In conclusion, xanthohumol is a potent inhibitor of suicidal erythrocyte death in vitro.
黄腐酚是一种源自啤酒的促凋亡前体物，具有抗癌和抗菌活性。与有核细胞类似，红细胞可能经历自杀性细胞死亡或红细胞凋亡，其由氧化应激（叔丁基过氧化物，TBOOH）或能量耗竭（葡萄糖去除）触发。这些触发因素会增加细胞溶质 Ca(2+) 浓度，导致 Ca(2+) 敏感的 K(+) 通道激活，随后细胞收缩，并导致细胞膜翻转，随后在红细胞表面暴露磷脂酰丝氨酸。凋亡细胞从循环血液中清除，导致贫血，并可能黏附在血管壁上，从而阻碍微循环。本实验通过流式细胞术探讨了黄腐酚是否影响红细胞凋亡。将人红细胞暴露于 0.3 mM TBOOH 或在无葡萄糖溶液中孵育，显著增加了 Fluo3 荧光（Ca(2+) 浓度）以及 Annexin V 结合（细胞膜翻转），并降低了前向散射（细胞体积），而黄腐酚显著减弱了这些作用。总之，黄腐酚是体外促红细胞自杀性死亡的有效抑制剂。
