Stephens Trent D
Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2009 Aug;85(8):725-31. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20597.
Early in the history of the thalidomide disaster, chick embryos were "eliminated" as useful in the study of thalidomide. One reason for that conclusion was that many of the early experiments were flawed. We employed a number of experiments to expose chick embryos to thalidomide. Our data show that thalidomide does cause limb reduction defects in chick embryos as long as the embryos are directly exposed to the drug. The most useful techniques are implanting thalidomide-soaked beads into the embryo immediately adjacent to the limb territory or soaking presumptive chick limb territories in thalidomide and then grafting the explants to a host embryo celom. Thalidomide affects the chick limb grafted to a host embryo in a dose response fashion. Furthermore, S-thalidomide and S-EM12 are more teratogenic than R-thalidomide and R-EM12.
在沙利度胺灾难的早期历史中，鸡胚在沙利度胺研究中被认为“无用”而被摒弃。得出这一结论的一个原因是许多早期实验存在缺陷。我们进行了一系列实验，使鸡胚接触沙利度胺。我们的数据表明，只要鸡胚直接接触该药物，沙利度胺确实会导致鸡胚肢体发育不全缺陷。最有效的技术是将浸泡过沙利度胺的珠子植入紧邻肢体区域的胚胎中，或将假定的鸡胚肢体区域浸泡在沙利度胺中，然后将外植体移植到宿主胚胎体腔中。沙利度胺以剂量反应方式影响移植到宿主胚胎中的鸡胚肢体。此外，S-沙利度胺和S-EM12比R-沙利度胺和R-EM12的致畸性更强。
