Ganguly S, Murty V V, Samaniego F, Reuter V E, Bosl G J, Chaganti R S
Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York.
Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1990 Jan;1(3):228-32. doi: 10.1002/gcc.2870010307.
We have studied 31 male germ cell tumors (GCTs) for probable mutations in codons 12, 13, and 61 of HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS oncogenes using the polymerase chain reaction. Twenty of the thirty-one tumors exhibited NRAS gene mutations, 14 in codon 61, and six in codon 12, whereas no mutations were detected in HRAS and KRAS genes. The NRAS mutations were equally prevalent in seminomatous and nonseminomatous GCTs. Thus 13 of 22 seminomas, six of seven embryonal carcinomas, and one of two mixed tumors exhibited mutations. Two non-seminomatous tumors (an embryonal carcinoma and a yolk sac/teratoma) had mutations in both codons 12 and 61. The high frequency of NRAS mutations observed in the present study suggests that NRAS gene products may play an important role in growth regulatory functions of premalignant and malignant germ cells.
我们使用聚合酶链反应研究了31例男性生殖细胞肿瘤（GCT），以检测HRAS、KRAS和NRAS癌基因第12、13和61密码子的可能突变。31例肿瘤中有20例出现NRAS基因突变，14例在第61密码子，6例在第12密码子，而在HRAS和KRAS基因中未检测到突变。NRAS突变在精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤性GCT中同样常见。因此，22例精原细胞瘤中的13例、7例胚胎癌中的6例以及2例混合性肿瘤中的1例出现了突变。2例非精原细胞瘤性肿瘤（1例胚胎癌和1例卵黄囊/畸胎瘤）在第12和61密码子均有突变。本研究中观察到的NRAS突变高频率表明NRAS基因产物可能在癌前和恶性生殖细胞的生长调节功能中起重要作用。
