Codony Miquel, Alonso Jordi, Almansa Josué, Bernert Sebastian, de Girolamo Giovanni, de Graaf Ron, Haro Josep Maria, Kovess Viviane, Vilagut Gemma, Kessler Ronald C
Health Services Research Unit, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Doctor Aiguader, 80 Barcelona 08003, Spain.
Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Aug;60(8):1051-8. doi: 10.1176/ps.2009.60.8.1051.
This study assessed prevalence and correlates of perceived need for mental health care and its role in help seeking.
Data were from general population surveys conducted for the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders. The sample consisted of adults who screened positive for specific mood and anxiety symptoms in surveys conducted in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, and Spain (N=8,796). These individuals were further assessed for mental disorders with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Respondents who reported voluntary use of health services to address concerns with their "emotions or mental health" or who reported a need for services for mental health reasons were considered to have perceived need.
Nine percent of the total sample perceived some need for mental health care in the past 12 months. Among those who had a mental disorder in the past 12 months, 33% had perceived need. Psychiatric morbidity was the major determinant of perceived need. Among those with perceived need, older age, nonurban residence, and residence in Germany were positively associated with use of services.
Only a third of those with a 12-month mental disorder perceived need for mental health care. Psychiatric morbidity was the main determinant of perceived need; however, other factors (being female and being older) were associated with use of health services among those with perceived need. Among those with perceived need, it is important to increase access to care for the youngest and those living in urban areas.
本研究评估了心理健康护理感知需求的患病率及其相关因素，以及其在寻求帮助中的作用。
数据来自为欧洲精神障碍流行病学研究开展的一般人群调查。样本包括在比利时、法国、德国、意大利、荷兰和西班牙进行的调查中特定情绪和焦虑症状筛查呈阳性的成年人（N = 8796）。使用复合国际诊断访谈3.0对这些个体进一步评估精神障碍情况。报告自愿使用卫生服务来解决其“情绪或心理健康”问题的受访者，或报告因心理健康原因需要服务的受访者被视为有感知需求。
在过去12个月中，总样本的9% 认为有某种心理健康护理需求。在过去12个月患有精神障碍的人群中，33% 有感知需求。精神疾病发病率是感知需求的主要决定因素。在有感知需求的人群中，年龄较大、居住在非城市地区以及居住在德国与服务使用呈正相关。
在患有12个月精神障碍的人群中，只有三分之一的人认为有心理健康护理需求。精神疾病发病率是感知需求的主要决定因素；然而，其他因素（女性和年龄较大）与有感知需求人群的卫生服务使用有关。在有感知需求的人群中，增加最年轻者和城市居民获得护理的机会很重要。
