Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, Research Unit Molecular Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
J Anim Sci. 2009 Nov;87(11):3451-7. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1660. Epub 2009 Jul 31.
In this study 8 genes of growth factors and their receptors were investigated that are known to play a significant role in signaling pathways involved in the ontogenetic, but also tumorigenic, development of breast and mammary glands. Differential expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), GH receptor (GHR), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), platelet-derived growth factor beta (PDGFB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analyzed in mesenchymal and epithelial teat tissue of peripubertal pigs affected and nonaffected by the inverted teat defect. Comparisons were made at the level where pigs were affected between samples derived from nonaffected animals and affected animals, including specimens of normal and inverted teats. In addition, comparisons were made at the level of the teat phenotype with normal teats of nonaffected animals vs. either the normal or the inverted teat of affected animals. All genes tested, except HGFR, showed significant differential expression at P < 0.05 in the mesenchymal or the epithelial teat tissue or both. In general, we observed more pronounced differences when comparing samples obtained from inverted tissues vs. samples from normal ones. Therefore, results of our study suggest that gene expression of the growth factors and their receptors associates directly with the teat phenotype rather than with the affection status of the investigated animals, suggesting that local processes and tissue-specific compensation by means of differential expression of growth factors and their receptors are responsible for the development of impaired teat phenotypes.
在这项研究中，研究了 8 个生长因子及其受体基因，这些基因已知在参与乳腺和乳腺发生的信号通路中发挥重要作用，包括个体发生和肿瘤发生。分析了成纤维细胞生长因子受体 2（FGFR2）、生长激素受体（GHR）、肝细胞生长因子（HGF）、肝细胞生长因子受体（HGFR）、血小板衍生生长因子 alpha（PDGFA）、血小板衍生生长因子受体 alpha（PDGFRA）、血小板衍生生长因子 beta（PDGFB）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在受和不受 inverted teat defect 影响的围产期猪的间质和上皮乳组织中的差异表达。在猪受影响的水平上，将非受影响动物和受影响动物的样本进行了比较，包括正常和 inverted teat 的样本。此外，还在乳突表型水平上，将非受影响动物的正常乳突与受影响动物的正常或 inverted teat 进行了比较。除了 HGFR 之外，所有测试的基因在间质或上皮乳组织或两者中均表现出显著的差异表达（P < 0.05）。一般来说，当比较来自 inverted 组织的样本与来自正常组织的样本时，我们观察到更明显的差异。因此，我们的研究结果表明，生长因子及其受体的基因表达与乳突表型直接相关，而与受影响动物的状态无关，这表明局部过程和组织特异性补偿通过生长因子及其受体的差异表达是导致受损乳突表型的原因。
