Fernandes Elizabeth S, Schmidhuber Sabine M, Brain Susan D
Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Waterloo Campus, London SE1 9NH, UK.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009(194):393-416. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-79090-7_11.
This review examines our developing understanding of the families and activities of some of the best known sensory-nerve-derived inflammatory neuropeptides, namely substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and galanin. Evidence to date shows involvement of these transmitters in a wide range of systems that includes roles as inflammatory modulators. There is an increasing understanding of the mechanisms involved in the release of the peptides from sensory nerves and these are key in understanding the potential of neuropeptides in modulating inflammatory responses and may also provide novel targets for anti-inflammatory therapy. The neuropeptides released act via specific G protein coupled receptors, most of which have now been cloned. There is knowledge of selective agonists and antagonists for many subtypes within these families. The study of neuropeptides in animal models has additionally revealed pathophysiological roles that in turn have led to the development of new drugs, based on selective receptor antagonism.
本综述探讨了我们对一些最著名的感觉神经源性炎性神经肽（即P物质、降钙素基因相关肽和甘丙肽）的家族及活性的不断深入的认识。迄今为止的证据表明，这些递质参与了广泛的系统，包括作为炎症调节剂的作用。人们对感觉神经释放这些肽的机制有了越来越多的了解，这些机制对于理解神经肽在调节炎症反应中的潜力至关重要，也可能为抗炎治疗提供新的靶点。释放的神经肽通过特定的G蛋白偶联受体起作用，其中大多数现已被克隆。对于这些家族中的许多亚型，已有选择性激动剂和拮抗剂的相关知识。在动物模型中对神经肽的研究还揭示了病理生理作用，进而基于选择性受体拮抗作用开发了新药。
