Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal, ETSIA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Reproduction. 2009 Nov;138(5):859-65. doi: 10.1530/REP-09-0017. Epub 2009 Aug 5.
Milk mineral content has received little attention in studies focusing on milk nutrient effects on offspring growth. This study examines calf growth in Iberian deer and compares the influence of milk minerals, other nutrients, and lactation variables relevant for growth to discern the relative weight of each factor. In addition, because Iberian deer hinds are the first mammal found to produce different milk for sons and daughters, the present study examines whether there are also sex differences in milk mineral composition. Concentrations and yields of Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Fe, and Zn in milk of 46 red deer hinds were monitored through 18 weeks of lactation. Calf growth was influenced by Ca and P percent, and total Fe production. Milk for males had a lower content in Ca and P, a greater content of K, and Mg, whereas no sex effects were found in Na, Fe, or Zn percentages. Higher percentages in Ca and P for daughters might constitute a compensatory response, as daily production was not biased towards females in Ca or P, whereas in the latter and all the other minerals daily production was greater for heavier calves, which are usually males. In conclusion, milk mineral content and production influence calf growth even after controlling for other important lactation variables and nutrients, and they show effects and interactions more complicated than expected.
在关注牛奶营养对后代生长影响的研究中，牛奶矿物质含量很少受到关注。本研究考察了伊比利亚鹿的牛犊生长情况，并比较了牛奶矿物质、其他营养素和与生长相关的泌乳变量的影响，以辨别每个因素的相对重要性。此外，由于伊比利亚鹿母鹿是第一种被发现为儿子和女儿生产不同牛奶的哺乳动物，本研究还考察了牛奶矿物质成分是否存在性别差异。通过 18 周的泌乳期，监测了 46 只红鹿母鹿的牛奶中 Ca、P、Mg、Na、K、Fe 和 Zn 的浓度和产量。牛犊的生长受到 Ca 和 P 百分比以及总 Fe 产量的影响。雄性牛奶中 Ca 和 P 的含量较低，K 和 Mg 的含量较高，而 Na、Fe 或 Zn 百分比则没有性别差异。女儿牛奶中 Ca 和 P 的百分比较高可能构成一种补偿性反应，因为在 Ca 或 P 方面，日产量没有偏向雌性，而在后者和所有其他矿物质方面，日产量更大的是体重更重的牛犊，通常是雄性。总之，即使在控制了其他重要的泌乳变量和营养素之后，牛奶矿物质含量和产量仍会影响牛犊的生长，并且它们的作用和相互作用比预期的更复杂。
