Proliferation and distribution of adrenocortical cells in ACTH treated female hamsters.

The aim of the study was the analysis, by means of combined stereologic methods and metaphase arrest technique of the adrenocortical growth of ACTH treated hamster. Adult female hamsters were treated daily with 50 micrograms ACTH (Synacthen Depot, Ciba) for 3, 6 and 9 days. Between days 3 and 9 nearly linear increase in adrenal gland weight was observed, mainly due to the enlargement of the fasciculata and reticularis zones. Throughout the experiment, there was no marked change in the number of the zona glomerulosa cells while from the day 3 a notable increase in the number of fasciculata and reticularis cells occurred. Prolonged ACTH treatment resulted in a significant increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation with the highest value on day 6 and subsequent drop on day 9. Also metaphase index of adrenocortical cells notably increased due to ACTH administration and again the highest value was found on day 6 of experiment. From stereologic data and from metaphase index, adrenocortical cell birth-rates in individual adrenocortical zones and in the entire cortex were calculated. There were great differences between the values calculated from metaphase index and those obtained from stereologic data, with the former significantly lower. ACTH enhances centripetal migration of parenchymal cells in the hamster adrenal cortex and causes their accumulation in the zona reticularis.