Wang Shu, Wu Dayong, Lamon-Fava Stefania, Matthan Nirupa R, Honda Kaori L, Lichtenstein Alice H
JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug;102(4):497-501. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509231758.
Dietary long-chain PUFA, both n-3 and n-6, have unique benefits with respect to CVD risk. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA (EPA, DHA) and n-6 PUFA (linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA)) relative to SFA (myristic acid (MA), palmitic acid (PA)) alter markers of inflammation and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages (MPhi). Cells treated with AA and EPA elicited significantly less inflammatory response than control cells or those treated with MA, PA and LA, with intermediate effects for DHA, as indicated by lower levels of mRNA and secretion of TNFalpha, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Differences in cholesterol accumulation after exposure to minimally modified LDL were modest. AA and EPA resulted in significantly lower MPhi scavenger receptor 1 mRNA levels relative to control or MA-, PA-, LA- and DHA-treated cells, and ATP-binding cassette A1 mRNA levels relative to control or MA-, PA- and LA-treated cells. These data suggest changes in the rate of bidirectional cellular cholesterol flux. In summary, individual long-chain PUFA have differential effects on inflammatory response and markers of cholesterol flux in MPhi which are not related to the n position of the first double bond, chain length or degree of saturation.
膳食中的长链多不饱和脂肪酸，包括n-3和n-6，在心血管疾病风险方面具有独特的益处。本研究的目的是确定相对于饱和脂肪酸（肉豆蔻酸（MA）、棕榈酸（PA）），n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA））和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（亚油酸（LA）、花生四烯酸（AA））改变巨噬细胞（MPhi）中炎症标志物和胆固醇蓄积的机制。用花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸处理的细胞引发的炎症反应明显少于对照细胞或用肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸处理的细胞，二十二碳六烯酸的作用介于两者之间，这表现为肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素-6和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的mRNA水平和分泌水平较低。暴露于轻度修饰的低密度脂蛋白后，胆固醇蓄积的差异不大。相对于对照细胞或用肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸和二十二碳六烯酸处理的细胞，花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸导致巨噬细胞清道夫受体1的mRNA水平显著降低；相对于对照细胞或用肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸处理的细胞，花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸导致ATP结合盒转运体A1的mRNA水平显著降低。这些数据表明细胞双向胆固醇通量速率发生了变化。总之，单个长链多不饱和脂肪酸对巨噬细胞中的炎症反应和胆固醇通量标志物具有不同的影响，这些影响与第一个双键的n位置、链长或饱和度无关。
