Ducarme G, Ceccaldi P-F, Bernuau J, Luton D
Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Beaujon, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), université Paris-VII, 100, boulevard du Général-Leclerc, 92110 Clichy, France.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2009 Oct;38(6):469-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2009.07.001. Epub 2009 Aug 12.
Very few studies have properly addressed to the risk of fetal hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through amniocentesis. For HBV, this risk is low. However, knowledge of the maternal hepatitis B e antigen status is valuable in the counselling of risks associated with amniocentesis. For HCV, the risk is not well known but cannot be excluded. For HIV, it seems rational to propose a viral test before amniocentesis for patients with contamination's risk and to postpone the sampling in cases with positive results in order to obtain an undetectable HIV-1 RNA viral load. For these reasons, it can be useful to analyse for each virus the benefit of amniocentesis and the risk of mother-to-infant transmission, and to inform the patient.
很少有研究妥善探讨过通过羊膜腔穿刺术导致胎儿感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）或人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险。对于HBV而言，这种风险较低。然而，了解母亲的乙肝e抗原状态对于咨询羊膜腔穿刺术相关风险很有价值。对于HCV，其风险尚不明确，但不能排除。对于HIV，对于有感染风险的患者，在羊膜腔穿刺术前进行病毒检测，并在检测结果呈阳性的情况下推迟采样以获得无法检测到的HIV-1 RNA病毒载量似乎是合理的。出于这些原因，分析每种病毒的羊膜腔穿刺术益处和母婴传播风险并告知患者可能会有所帮助。
