Costain R M, Fesser A C E, McKenzie D, Mizuno M, MacNeil J D
Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2008 Dec;25(12):1520-9. doi: 10.1080/02652030802192090.
The detection of hormone abuse for growth promotion in food animal production is a global concern. Initial testing for hormones in Canada was directed at the compounds approved for use in beef cattle, melengestrol acetate, trenbolone acetate and zeranol, and the banned compound diethylstilbestrol (DES). No hormonal growth promoters are approved for use in veal production in Canada. However, instances of use of trenbolone and clenbuterol were detected in Canada in the 1990s. During the development of a new analytical method for testosterone and progesterone, there were reports of suspicious injection sites being found in veal calves. Upon implementation of the method, analysis of investigative samples revealed significant residues of testosterone in some injection sites. To prove that the source of these residues was exogenous, a fully validated method for hormone esters was developed to confirm the presence of exogenous hormones in these injection sites. The QUECHERS model was employed in methods development and resulted in a simple, effective extraction technique that consisted of sample pre-homogenization, liquid/liquid partitioning, extract dilution, filtration and use of LC/MS/MS to provide detection selectivity. The result was an adaptable MS/MS confirmation technique that meets the needs of Canadian regulatory authorities to confirm the misuse of injectable testosterone, and potentially other hormones, in food animal production.
检测食用动物生产中用于促进生长的激素滥用是一个全球关注的问题。加拿大最初对激素的检测针对的是批准用于肉牛的化合物，如醋酸美仑孕酮、醋酸群勃龙和玉米赤霉醇，以及被禁止的化合物己烯雌酚（DES）。在加拿大，没有激素生长促进剂被批准用于小牛肉生产。然而，在20世纪90年代，加拿大检测到了群勃龙和克伦特罗的使用情况。在开发一种新的睾酮和孕酮分析方法的过程中，有报告称在小牛肉犊中发现了可疑的注射部位。在实施该方法后，对调查样本的分析显示，一些注射部位存在大量的睾酮残留。为了证明这些残留的来源是外源性的，开发了一种经过充分验证的激素酯方法，以确认这些注射部位存在外源性激素。在方法开发中采用了QU ECHERS模型，结果得到了一种简单有效的提取技术，该技术包括样品预均质化、液/液分配、提取物稀释、过滤以及使用液相色谱/串联质谱（LC/MS/MS）提供检测选择性。结果是一种适应性强的串联质谱确认技术，满足了加拿大监管当局确认食用动物生产中滥用注射用睾酮以及可能其他激素的需求。
