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葡萄酒中的异味通过挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)从涂层的间接转移。

Off-flavours in wines through indirect transfer of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from coatings.

机构信息

Istituto di Enologia e Ingegneria Agro-Alimentare, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.

出版信息

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2009 May;26(5):759-66. doi: 10.1080/02652030802695498.

Abstract

This paper assesses the impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the drying of coatings on the sensory characters of corks and wines. According to Italian National Standard Method 11021:2002, a small-scale chamber was used (1) to expose wines to the drying of coatings with both low and high VOCs, and (2) to expose corks to the same coatings. After exposure to the coatings, the corks were then placed in direct contact with wine. Different styles of white, red and rose wines were tested. In both directly exposed wines and in wines after contact with the exposed cork, the taste and smell off-flavour perception and intensity were assessed by a panel of eight experienced wine tasters using a five-point numerical scale according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard methods. The results showed that the sensory characters of wines, especially taste, were influenced by the VOC content of the coatings. The taste off-flavour perception was found to be higher than the smell in wines exposed to coatings with either high or low VOCs contents. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan analysis prove that: (1) panellist's answers were significantly different, (2) it was difficult to differentiate the off-flavour perception on the high-level scale, and (3) the panellist off-flavour perceptions versus wine style discriminated the wines into two groups (red and white/rose). For all the wine styles, Pearson's test showed no significant correlation between off-flavour perception levels and the main chemical characters of the wines. For the wines that were in direct contact with the exposed corks, the panellists detect the off-flavours according to the levels of VOCs in the coating and wine styles and they assessed the highest levels of alteration were to the taste.

摘要

本文评估了涂层干燥过程中产生的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)对软木塞和葡萄酒感官特性的影响。根据意大利国家标准方法 11021:2002,使用小型室(1)使葡萄酒暴露于低 VOC 和高 VOC 的涂层干燥中,(2)使软木塞暴露于相同的涂层中。暴露于涂层后,软木塞直接与葡萄酒接触。测试了不同风格的白葡萄酒、红葡萄酒和桃红葡萄酒。在直接暴露于涂层的葡萄酒和与暴露的软木塞接触后的葡萄酒中,由 8 位经验丰富的葡萄酒品尝者组成的小组使用五点数值量表根据国际标准化组织(ISO)标准方法评估了味道和气味异味感知和强度。结果表明,葡萄酒的感官特征,特别是味道,受到涂层 VOC 含量的影响。在暴露于高或低 VOC 含量的涂层的葡萄酒中,发现味道异味感知高于气味。方差分析(ANOVA)和邓肯分析证明:(1)品尝小组成员的回答有显著差异,(2)很难在高水平尺度上区分异味感知,(3)品尝小组成员对异味感知与葡萄酒风格区分将葡萄酒分为两组(红葡萄酒和白葡萄酒/桃红葡萄酒)。对于所有葡萄酒风格,皮尔逊检验表明异味感知水平与葡萄酒的主要化学特征之间没有显著相关性。对于与暴露的软木塞直接接触的葡萄酒,品尝者根据涂层和葡萄酒风格中的 VOC 水平检测到异味,并评估出最高水平的改变是对味道的影响。

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