School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
J Theor Biol. 2009 Nov 21;261(2):336-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.08.009. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
Sexual reproduction may be divided into two main categories: hermaphroditism and dioecy (Botany)/gonochorism (Zoology). Simultaneous hermaphrodites can function in both male and female roles whereas a dioecious/gonochorist population consists of distinct male and female individuals. Mean-field calculations, which ignore spatial aspects, suggest that self-incompatible hermaphrodites should have a twofold advantage over dioecious population when reproduction is limited by mating encounters. By use of stochastic spatial simulations we demonstrate that hermaphroditism has an even greater advantage when local interactions are considered. This result provides further support for the observation that hermaphroditism is associated with sedentary species, such as plants and animals with poor mate search efficiency. We also investigate the finite size effects associated with the well-known quadratic contact process.
雌雄同体和雌雄异体（植物学）/雌雄异株（动物学）。同时具有雌雄两性生殖器官的雌雄同体可以同时扮演雄性和雌性的角色，而雌雄异体/雌雄异株的种群则由明显的雄性和雌性个体组成。忽略空间方面的平均场计算表明，当繁殖受到交配机会限制时，自交不亲和的雌雄同体相对于雌雄异体种群应该具有两倍的优势。通过使用随机空间模拟，我们证明了当考虑局部相互作用时，雌雄同体具有更大的优势。这一结果进一步支持了这样一种观察结果，即雌雄同体与固着物种有关，例如繁殖效率低下的植物和动物。我们还研究了与著名的二次接触过程相关的有限大小效应。
