高疫苗接种率社会中的麻疹：2007 - 2008年以色列的疫情爆发
Measles in a highly vaccinated society: the 2007-08 outbreak in Israel.
作者信息
Anis Emilia, Grotto Itamar, Moerman Larisa, Warshavsky Bruce, Slater Paul E, Lev Boaz, Israeli Avi
机构信息
Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 93591, Israel.
出版信息
J Infect. 2009 Oct;59(4):252-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.07.005. Epub 2009 Jul 17.
BACKGROUND
Despite success in controlling measles through a national immunization program, Israel recently experienced its largest measles outbreak since 1994.
METHODS
Using data reported by health district offices to the Ministry of Health, an epidemiological analysis of the 2007-08 measles outbreak was performed.
RESULTS
1467 measles cases were reported in Israel, primarily among ultra-orthodox Jewish communities in the Jerusalem Health District and to a lesser extent in other areas. The highest age-specific incidence rate (122.5 per 100,000) occurred among infants. 38.6% of all measles patients were under the age of five, and 53.4% were under the age of ten. 186 patients (12.7%) were hospitalized; there were no fatalities. Only 4.6% of measles patients had been fully vaccinated for their age.
CONCLUSION
To minimize the risk of future outbreaks in Israel, successful marketing of the MMR vaccine to under-vaccinated sub-groups is essential.
背景
尽管通过国家免疫计划成功控制了麻疹，但以色列最近经历了自1994年以来最大规模的麻疹疫情。
方法
利用各卫生区办公室向卫生部报告的数据，对2007 - 2008年麻疹疫情进行了流行病学分析。
结果
以色列报告了1467例麻疹病例，主要集中在耶路撒冷卫生区的极端正统犹太社区，其他地区的病例较少。婴儿的年龄别发病率最高（每10万人中122.5例）。所有麻疹患者中38.6%年龄在五岁以下，53.4%年龄在十岁以下。186名患者（12.7%）住院治疗；无死亡病例。仅4.6%的麻疹患者按年龄完成了全程疫苗接种。
结论
为将以色列未来疫情爆发的风险降至最低，向疫苗接种不足的亚群体成功推广麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗至关重要。
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