Huber Katrin, Kalcheim Chaya, Unsicker Klaus
Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Auton Neurosci. 2009 Nov 17;151(1):10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.07.020. Epub 2009 Aug 14.
Chromaffin cells are neuroendocrine cells, which are highly specialized for the synthesis and release of multiple hormones. Like sympathetic neurons, which are essential, inter alia, for neural control of vascular tone, they are derivatives of the neural crest, a transient structure at the dorsal surface of the embryonic neural tube. Chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons have many features in common, but are also distinct in several respects. This review provides a summary of similarities and differences regarding the development of chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons, viewed from molecular and morphological perspectives. Two major, still not finally settled issues, are whether (1) the two related cell types arise from one common or two separate cell lineages of delaminating neural crest cells, (2) in the former case when does lineage segregation occur, and what are the molecules underlying their phenotypic diversification.
嗜铬细胞是神经内分泌细胞，高度特化以合成和释放多种激素。与对血管张力的神经控制至关重要的交感神经元一样，它们是神经嵴的衍生物，神经嵴是胚胎神经管背表面的一个短暂结构。嗜铬细胞和交感神经元有许多共同特征，但在几个方面也有所不同。本综述从分子和形态学角度总结了嗜铬细胞和交感神经元发育方面的异同。两个主要的、尚未最终解决的问题是：（1）这两种相关的细胞类型是源自一个共同的还是两个独立的神经嵴细胞分层细胞谱系；（2）在前一种情况下，谱系分离何时发生，以及导致它们表型多样化的分子是什么。
