Kelly Michael C, Chen Ping
Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2009 Aug;19(4):395-401. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2009.07.010. Epub 2009 Aug 15.
The cochlea possesses specialized features to receive sound signals and to resolve and convert the frequency and intensity components within each signal for auditory perception. It consists of precisely patterned and polarized sensory cells adorned with a highly specialized mechanotransduction apparatus for sensitivity and adaptation, and discrete nonsensory cellular networks for biochemical and mechanical support to drive an integrated cellular response and mechanotransduction. This review summarizes recent discoveries about the roles of FGF, Notch, and Hedgehog signaling and transcriptional factors in the differentiation and patterning of the auditory sensory organ, the Usher complex, and the planar cell polarity pathway in the formation and polarization of mechanotransduction component hair bundles, and the contribution of nonsensory cell networks in the stria vascularis and the sensory region toward the maturation of the mammalian cochlea.
耳蜗具有特殊的结构，用于接收声音信号，并解析和转换每个信号中的频率和强度成分，以实现听觉感知。它由精确排列和极化的感觉细胞组成，这些细胞配备了高度专业化的机械转导装置，以实现敏感性和适应性，以及离散的非感觉细胞网络，用于提供生化和机械支持，以驱动整合的细胞反应和机械转导。本综述总结了关于成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）、Notch和Hedgehog信号通路以及转录因子在听觉感觉器官的分化和模式形成、Usher复合体、机械转导成分毛束形成和极化中的平面细胞极性通路中的作用，以及血管纹和感觉区域中的非感觉细胞网络对哺乳动物耳蜗成熟的贡献的最新发现。
