Schraiber Lilia Blima, d'Oliveira Ana Flávia Pires Lucas, Couto Márcia Thereza
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25 Suppl 2:S205-16. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009001400003.
This article discusses theoretical, methodological, and ethical aspects pertaining to violence against women as both a form of gender violence and a public health issue. The text provides epistemological reflections based on daily research experience with qualitative and quantitative, population-based, and service-user studies that address both women and men. Violence is defined as a complex and sensitive theme of a medical and social nature in terms of its theoretical-methodological approach, pointing to interdisciplinarity as the reference for its construction as an object of health. The article discusses the difficulties in linking the various sciences, methodologies, and theoretical perspectives. It also highlights the special dynamic between visible and invisible violence, with implications for research design, particularly for demarcating the object of study, a relevant issue given the technological needs of health intervention. These specificities of violence raise further ethical issues for the production of knowledge, and there is a need for special care as part of methodological quality in the research. Research ethics is also responsible for the scientificity of the resulting data. Situations stemming from specific studies are used to illustrate the article's commentary.
本文探讨了针对妇女暴力行为的理论、方法和伦理方面，这种暴力既是性别暴力的一种形式，也是一个公共卫生问题。文本基于日常研究经验提供了认识论反思，这些研究包括定性和定量的、基于人群的以及涉及男性和女性的服务使用者研究。从理论方法论角度来看，暴力被定义为一个具有医学和社会性质的复杂且敏感的主题，这表明跨学科性是将其构建为一个健康研究对象的参考依据。文章讨论了整合各种科学、方法和理论视角时所面临的困难。它还强调了可见暴力与不可见暴力之间的特殊动态关系，这对研究设计具有启示意义，特别是在界定研究对象方面，鉴于健康干预的技术需求，这是一个相关问题。暴力行为的这些特性给知识生产带来了更多伦理问题，并且在研究中作为方法质量的一部分需要特别关注。研究伦理也对所得数据的科学性负责。文中通过具体研究中的情况来说明文章的论述。
