Moore Brandon C, Hyndman Kelly A, Cox Ashley, Lawler Ashley, Mathavan Ketan, Guillette Louis J
Department of Biology, 220 Bartram Hall, PO Box 118525, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-8525, USA.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2009 Oct;292(10):1670-6. doi: 10.1002/ar.20942.
Here we present a detailed morphological description of the alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) kidney and nephron. We present a series of histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical markers that clearly define the seven regions of the alligator nephron. The alligator kidney is composed of many paired (mirrored) lobules on each kidney (lobe). Single nephrons span the width of lobules three times. The fine structure of glomeruli, lying in rows spanning the height of the lobule, is resolved by periodic acid methionine silver (PAMS) and periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) histochemistry. Glomeruli are connected to the proximal tubule (PT) via a neck segment. The PT is alcian blue-negative, making it distinct from the distal tubule (DT), connecting segment (CS), and collecting duct (CD). The PT is clearly identifiable by a PAS-positive brush border membrane. The PT is connected to the DT via an intermediate segment (IS) that makes a 180 degrees turn to connect these tubules. PAMS-positive material is found in the lumens of the PT, IS, and DT. Also, PAMS-positive granules are found in the DT, CS, and CD. Immunolocalization of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase to the basolateral membrane of the DT, CS, and CD suggests a role of this enzyme in driving primary and secondary transport processes in these segments, including bicarbonate transport into the lumen of the DT (leading to an alkaline urine). Through the techniques described here, we have identified a series of distinct markers to be used by pathologists, veterinarians, and researchers to easily identify alligator nephron segments. Anat Rec, 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
在此，我们对密西西比鳄的肾脏和肾单位进行了详细的形态学描述。我们展示了一系列组织学、组织化学和免疫组织化学标志物，这些标志物清晰地界定了鳄肾单位的七个区域。鳄的肾脏由每个肾叶上许多成对（镜像）的小叶组成。单个肾单位横跨小叶宽度三次。位于横跨小叶高度的行中的肾小球的精细结构通过高碘酸甲硫氨酸银（PAMS）和高碘酸希夫（PAS）组织化学得以解析。肾小球通过一个颈部段与近端小管（PT）相连。近端小管对阿尔辛蓝呈阴性，这使其与远端小管（DT）、连接段（CS）和集合管（CD）不同。近端小管可通过PAS阳性的刷状缘膜清晰识别。近端小管通过一个中间段（IS）与远端小管相连，该中间段呈180度转弯以连接这些小管。在近端小管、中间段和远端小管的管腔中发现了PAMS阳性物质。此外，在远端小管、连接段和集合管中也发现了PAMS阳性颗粒。Na(+)、K(+)-ATP酶在远端小管、连接段和集合管的基底外侧膜上的免疫定位表明该酶在驱动这些节段中的初级和次级转运过程中发挥作用，包括将碳酸氢盐转运到远端小管的管腔中（导致碱性尿液）。通过本文所述的技术，我们已经确定了一系列独特的标志物，供病理学家、兽医和研究人员用于轻松识别鳄肾单位节段。《解剖学记录》，2009年。（c）2009威利 - 利斯公司。
