Talaty P N, Katanbaf M N, Hester P Y
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Poult Sci. 2009 Sep;88(9):1963-74. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00478.
The variability of bone traits was assessed in purebred lines of meat-type chickens using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Experiment 1 evaluated changes in bone mineralization and size traits of the tibia and humerus in 4 purebred lines from 6 to 24 wk of age. Experiment 2 compared the same traits of the tibia, radius, and ulna of 9 purebred lines at 6 wk of age. Differences in bone traits among purebred lines were apparent in both experiments. Of the 4 purebred lines compared in experiment 1, line C demonstrated the best phenotypic traits relative to bone quality. Even though line C had the longest tibia, one of the largest bone areas, one of the heaviest BW, and one of the highest bone mineral content (BMC) at 24 wk of age, the tibia of line C did not become less dense in mineral as this line of chickens approached sexual maturity as did the tibia of the other purebred lines of chickens. Specifically, its tibial bone mineral density (BMD) showed age-related increases unlike the other purebred lines of chickens, which showed little change in tibial BMD from 6 to 24 wk of age. In experiment 2, all bone traits as well as BW were different among purebred lines (P<0.001). The 2 purebred lines (7 and 8) with the lightest 6-wk-old BW (2,033 and 2,055 g, respectively) had diverse skeletal traits. Birds of line 7 had the lowest BMD (0.1131 g/cm2), BMC (1.05 g), shortest bone length (69.2 mm), and smallest bone area (8.0 cm2); however, the other purebred line low in BW (line 8) showed the opposite trend in that bones from these birds were the highest in BMD (0.1276 g/cm2), BMC (1.38 g), bone length (74.6 mm), and area (9.2 cm2) when compared with all of the other lines. In conclusion, several purebred lines of meat-type chickens expressed large differences in bone traits, suggesting the potential to genetically select birds for increased BMD.
使用双能X射线吸收法评估了肉用型鸡纯种品系骨骼性状的变异性。实验1评估了4个纯种品系在6至24周龄时胫骨和肱骨的骨矿化及大小性状的变化。实验2比较了9个纯种品系在6周龄时胫骨、桡骨和尺骨的相同性状。在两个实验中，纯种品系之间的骨骼性状差异都很明显。在实验1中比较的4个纯种品系中，C系相对于骨骼质量表现出最佳的表型性状。尽管C系在24周龄时胫骨最长、骨面积最大、体重最重且骨矿物质含量（BMC）最高之一，但与其他纯种品系的鸡不同，当该品系鸡接近性成熟时，C系鸡的胫骨矿物质密度并没有降低。具体而言，其胫骨骨矿物质密度（BMD）呈现出与年龄相关的增加，而其他纯种品系的鸡从6周龄到24周龄胫骨BMD几乎没有变化。在实验2中，纯种品系之间的所有骨骼性状以及体重均存在差异（P<0.001）。6周龄体重最轻的2个纯种品系（7系和8系，分别为2033克和2055克）具有不同的骨骼特征。7系鸡的BMD最低（0.1131克/平方厘米）、BMC最低（1.05克）、骨长度最短（69.2毫米）且骨面积最小（8.0平方厘米）；然而，另一个体重较低的纯种品系（8系）则呈现相反的趋势，与所有其他品系相比，该品系鸡的骨骼BMD最高（0.1276克/平方厘米）、BMC最高（1.38克）、骨长度最长（74.6毫米）且面积最大（9.2平方厘米）。总之，几个肉用型鸡纯种品系在骨骼性状上表现出很大差异，这表明有可能通过基因选择来提高鸡的BMD。
