Skiepko Roman, Zietkowski Ziemowit, Tomasiak-Łozowska Maria Magdalena, Bodzenta-Łukaszyk Anna
Klinika Alergologii i Chorób Wewnetrznych, Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Białymstoku.
Przegl Lek. 2009;66(3):141-4.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of airways. Approximately 40% of asthma cases can be attributed to atopy. An increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) production is the strongest predisposing factor for the development of asthma. IgE is a key component of asthma pathophysiology and contributes to both the early- and late-phase inflammatory cascade in the airways. Omalizumab is a recombinant anti-IgE monoclonal antibody developed for the treatment of allergic diseases associated with high circulating IgE levels. By reducing serum IgE levels, as well as FceRI and FceRII receptor expression on inflammatory cells, omalizumab inhibits development of inflammatory cascade. Omalizumab is currently the only IgE-targeted therapy approved by EMEA (European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products) and FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for asthma treatment. It is efficacious in the treatment of moderate-to-severe and severe persistent allergic asthma poorly controlled with regular treatment. The drug reduces symptoms, exacerbations, emergency visits, hospitalizations, inhaled and systemic corticosteroid and rescue medication requirements and improves quality of life.
哮喘是一种气道慢性炎症性疾病。约40%的哮喘病例可归因于特应性。免疫球蛋白E（IgE）产生增加是哮喘发病最强的诱发因素。IgE是哮喘病理生理学的关键组成部分，在气道的早期和晚期炎症级联反应中均起作用。奥马珠单抗是一种重组抗IgE单克隆抗体，用于治疗与循环IgE水平升高相关的过敏性疾病。通过降低血清IgE水平以及炎症细胞上的FceRI和FceRII受体表达，奥马珠单抗抑制炎症级联反应的发生。奥马珠单抗是目前欧洲药品评价局（EMEA）和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于哮喘治疗的唯一靶向IgE的疗法。它对常规治疗控制不佳的中重度和重度持续性过敏性哮喘有效。该药物可减轻症状、减少病情加重、减少急诊就诊、住院次数，降低吸入和全身用皮质类固醇以及急救药物的需求，并改善生活质量。
