Osekre Enoch A, Wright David L, Marois James J, Funderburk Joe
University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, Quincy, FL 32351, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2009 Aug;38(4):1205-10. doi: 10.1603/022.038.0430.
Thrips cause damage to seedling cotton, and they are associated with the spread of Fusarium hardlock, a serious disease affecting cotton bolls that reduces lint yield in the southern United States. The population dynamics and within-plant distribution of Frankliniella spp. thrips in cotton were determined in 2005, 2006, and 2007 in Quincy and in 2006 and 2007 in Marianna, FL. Frankliniella tritici (Fitch) was >98% of the adult thrips collected. The adults of F. bispinosa (Morgan), F. occidentalis (Pergande), and F. fusca (Hinds) also were collected. Populations of F. fusca inhabited the cotton leaves of vegetative-stage cotton. The other species were highly anthophilic, primarily inhabiting cotton during its reproductive growth stages. Densities of these species peaked during mid-season, which also coincided with peak bloom. The adult F. tritici and the thrips larvae were aggregated in the flowers over the other plant parts, with more collected in the upper than the lower canopies. These patterns of aggregation were observed at each location each year, and the numerical differences usually were significant (P < 0.05). Densities of adult F. tritici were low on the leaves, squares, and bolls. The population dynamics and with-plant distribution of individual thrips species has not previously been determined for cotton in the southern United States.
蓟马会对棉花幼苗造成损害，并且它们与镰刀菌硬籽病的传播有关，这种严重病害会影响棉铃，降低美国南部的皮棉产量。2005年、2006年和2007年在昆西以及2006年和2007年在佛罗里达州玛丽安娜测定了棉株上西花蓟马属蓟马的种群动态和植株内分布情况。采集到的成年蓟马中，小麦西花蓟马（Fitch）占比超过98%。还采集到了双棘西花蓟马（Morgan）、西花蓟马（Pergande）和烟蓟马（Hinds）的成虫。烟蓟马种群栖息在营养生长阶段棉花的叶片上。其他种类则高度嗜花，主要在棉花生殖生长阶段栖息于棉花上。这些种类的密度在季节中期达到峰值，这也与盛花期重合。成年小麦西花蓟马和蓟马幼虫在花朵中的聚集程度高于植株的其他部位，在上层冠层采集到的数量多于下层冠层。每年在每个地点都观察到了这种聚集模式，且数量差异通常具有显著性（P < 0.05）。成年小麦西花蓟马在叶片、棉蕾和棉铃上的密度较低。此前尚未测定过美国南部棉花上单个蓟马种类的种群动态和植株内分布情况。
