Thaker G K, Nguyen J A, Strauss M E, Jacobson R, Kaup B A, Tamminga C A
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Baltimore 21228.
Am J Psychiatry. 1990 Apr;147(4):445-51. doi: 10.1176/ajp.147.4.445.
Because of the efficacy of specific gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists in tardive dyskinesia, the authors tested the benzodiazepine clonazepam in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial in 19 chronically ill patients with tardive dyskinesia who were being treated with neuroleptics. They found a 35% decrease in dyskinesia ratings with clonazepam treatment. The six patients with predominantly dystonic symptoms showed greater benefit than the 13 patients with predominantly choreoathetoid dyskinesias. Tolerance developed to the antidyskinetic effect of clonazepam in the five patients whose long-term use of the drug was followed, but a 2-week clonazepam-free period recaptured its antidyskinetic effect.
由于特定的γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）激动剂对迟发性运动障碍有效，作者在一项为期12周的双盲、安慰剂对照、随机交叉试验中，对19名正在接受抗精神病药物治疗的慢性迟发性运动障碍患者使用了苯二氮䓬类药物氯硝西泮进行测试。他们发现氯硝西泮治疗可使运动障碍评分降低35%。6名以肌张力障碍症状为主的患者比13名以舞蹈手足徐动症为主的患者受益更大。在对5名长期使用该药物的患者进行随访时，出现了对氯硝西泮抗运动障碍作用的耐受性，但在停药2周后，其抗运动障碍作用又恢复了。
