Moloo S K, Kutuza S B
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD), Nairobi, Kenya.
Acta Trop. 1990 Feb;47(2):79-89. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(90)90070-g.
Investigations were conducted on the sensitivity to isometamidium chloride (Samorin) and diminazene aceturate (Berenil) of derivatives of three of the Trypanosoma congolense stocks isolated between 1978 and 1983 from Zebu cattle in the Bobo-Dioulasso region of Burkina Faso. Boran cattle were used in the drug-sensitivity tests and were infected using Glossina morsitans centralis. The results showed that T. congolense stock IL 2466 isolated in 1978 was sensitive to the standard therapeutic dose of isometamidium chloride (0.25 mg kg-1) and of diminazene aceturate (a.i. 3.5 mg kg-1). However, T. congolense stock IL 2468 isolated in 1982 was resistant to both the prophylactic (0.5 and 1.0 mg kg-1) as well as the therapeutic doses of isometamidium chloride (up to 1.0 mg kg-1) although the sensitivity to the therapeutic dose of diminazene aceturate (3.5 mg kg-1) was not affected. The T. congolense stock IL 2856 isolated in 1983 was highly resistant to the therapeutic action of diminazene aceturate (up to 10.5 mg kg-1), as well as to the prophylactic (up to 1.0 mg kg-1) and therapeutic action of isometamidium chloride (up to 2.0 mg kg-1). The infection rates of the drug-resistant stocks of T. congolense in G.m. centralis, when goats were used as reservoir hosts, were as high (range, 22.3-56.3%) as of the drug sensitive stock (49.5%). The resistance trait in the two stocks remained stable after their cyclical development in the tsetse vectors. The rate of transmission of the drug-resistant stocks to mice by the infected tsetse was also high (mean 81.3%).
对1978年至1983年间从布基纳法索博博迪乌拉索地区的瘤牛分离出的三种刚果锥虫株系的衍生物对氯异脒（Samorin）和乙酰氨基阿苯达唑（Berenil）的敏感性进行了研究。在药物敏感性试验中使用了博拉牛，并使用中喙采采蝇进行感染。结果表明，1978年分离出的刚果锥虫株系IL 2466对氯异脒的标准治疗剂量（0.25 mg kg-1）和乙酰氨基阿苯达唑（有效成分3.5 mg kg-1）敏感。然而，1982年分离出的刚果锥虫株系IL 2468对氯异脒的预防剂量（0.5和1.0 mg kg-1）以及治疗剂量（高达1.0 mg kg-1）均具有抗性，尽管对乙酰氨基阿苯达唑治疗剂量（3.5 mg kg-1）的敏感性未受影响。1983年分离出的刚果锥虫株系IL 2856对乙酰氨基阿苯达唑的治疗作用（高达10.5 mg kg-1）以及对氯异脒的预防作用（高达1.0 mg kg-1）和治疗作用（高达2.0 mg kg-1）均具有高度抗性。当山羊作为储存宿主时，刚果锥虫抗药株系在中喙采采蝇中的感染率与药物敏感株系（49.5%）一样高（范围为22.3 - 56.3%）。这两个株系的抗性特征在采采蝇载体中循环发育后保持稳定。受感染的采采蝇将抗药株系传播给小鼠的比率也很高（平均81.3%）。
