Sellers R F, Maarouf A R
Agriculture Canada, Health of Animals Laboratory Division, Ottawa, Ontario.
Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Apr;104(2):329-43. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800059501.
Backward trajectories of winds were determined to identify possible sources of eastern equine encephalitis virus associated with isolation of virus from mosquitoes or birds or outbreaks in horses between 1980 and 1985 in Maryland, New Jersey, New York and Michigan, USA. The results of the trajectory analyses suggested that eastern equine encephalitis virus could have been carried by infected mosquitoes on surface winds at temperatures 13 degrees C or higher from North Carolina north-eastwards along the Atlantic Coast to Maryland and New Jersey and thence to upstate New York and from western Kentucky to Michigan. Landing of mosquitoes was associated with the presence of a cold front and rain leading to variations in the location and timing of outbreaks from year to year. The mosquito responsible was most likely to have been Culiseta melanura, but Coquillettidia perturbans and Aedes sollicitans could also have been involved. There may be a continual cycle of eastern equine encephalitis virus in mosquitoes and birds in south-eastern USA, from where the virus could be distributed by infected mosquitoes on the wind along the Gulf and Atlantic Coasts and up the Mississippi Valley.
通过确定风的后向轨迹，来识别1980年至1985年间在美国马里兰州、新泽西州、纽约州和密歇根州，与从蚊子或鸟类中分离出病毒或马匹疫情相关的东部马脑炎病毒的可能来源。轨迹分析结果表明，东部马脑炎病毒可能由感染的蚊子在13摄氏度或更高温度的地面风携带，从北卡罗来纳州沿大西洋海岸向东北方向传播至马里兰州和新泽西州，进而传播到纽约州北部，并从肯塔基州西部传播到密歇根州。蚊子的降落与冷锋和降雨有关，导致每年疫情爆发的地点和时间有所不同。造成这种情况的蚊子很可能是黑尾库蚊，但骚扰库蚊和刺扰伊蚊也可能参与其中。在美国东南部，蚊子和鸟类中可能存在东部马脑炎病毒的持续循环，病毒可能由此通过感染的蚊子随风沿着墨西哥湾和大西洋海岸以及密西西比河谷向上传播。
