Lohman Brenda J, Stewart Susan, Gundersen Craig, Garasky Steven, Eisenmann Joey C
Department of Human Development and Family Studies and the Institute for Social and Behavioral Research, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2009 Sep;45(3):230-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.01.003. Epub 2009 Apr 25.
A high proportion of adolescents living in low-income households in the United States are overweight or obese, food insecure, or exposed to high levels of individual, maternal, and family stressors. The aim of this paper was to identify the associations of food insecurity and the aforementioned stressors with an adolescent's propensity to be overweight or obese. We hypothesized that individual, maternal, and family stressors may exacerbate the relationship between food insecurity and adolescent overweight/obesity.
The sample included 1011 adolescents aged 10 to 15 years and their mothers in families with incomes below 200% of the poverty line from Wave 1 of the Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three-City Study (Three-City Study).
A series of logistic regressions predicted the probability of an adolescent being overweight or obese. Overall, higher levels of individual stressors increased the probability of being overweight or obese for adolescents, whereas there was no direct association between food insecurity, maternal, or family stressors and overweight or obesity. The interaction of food insecurity and maternal stressors was significantly linked to the probability of being overweight or obese; more specifically, an increase in maternal stressors amplified a food insecure adolescent's probability of being overweight or obese.
Policies addressing adolescent obesity should consider the benefits to reducing the individual stressors facing low-income adolescents and, for food insecure adolescents, the benefits to reducing their mothers' stressors.
在美国，生活在低收入家庭的青少年中，很大一部分超重或肥胖、粮食不安全，或面临高水平的个人、母亲及家庭压力源。本文旨在确定粮食不安全及上述压力源与青少年超重或肥胖倾向之间的关联。我们假设个人、母亲及家庭压力源可能会加剧粮食不安全与青少年超重/肥胖之间的关系。
样本包括来自“福利、儿童与家庭：三城市研究”（三城市研究）第一波的1011名10至15岁的青少年及其母亲，这些家庭的收入低于贫困线的200%。
一系列逻辑回归预测了青少年超重或肥胖的概率。总体而言，较高水平的个人压力源会增加青少年超重或肥胖的概率，而粮食不安全、母亲或家庭压力源与超重或肥胖之间没有直接关联。粮食不安全与母亲压力源的相互作用与超重或肥胖的概率显著相关；更具体地说，母亲压力源的增加会放大粮食不安全青少年超重或肥胖的概率。
解决青少年肥胖问题的政策应考虑减少低收入青少年面临的个人压力源所带来的益处，以及对于粮食不安全的青少年而言，减少其母亲压力源所带来的益处。
