McDougall S, Bryan M A, Tiddy R M
Animal Health Centre, Morrinsville, New Zealand.
J Dairy Sci. 2009 Sep;92(9):4421-31. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2284.
It was hypothesized that treatment of clinical mastitis with a combination of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory treatment (meloxicam) and a parenteral antibiotic (penethamate hydriodide) would result in lower somatic cell counts (SCC), reduced milk yield losses, improved clinical outcomes, and reduced culling rates compared with antibiotic therapy alone. Cows in 15 herds with clinical mastitis during the first 200 d of lactation (median = 13 d) were treated with 5 g of penethamate hydriodide daily for 3 d, and one-half these cows were treated with 250 mg of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug meloxicam (n = 361 cows), whereas the other half (n = 366 cows) were treated with the vehicle (control group). Milk samples for bacteriology were collected from clinically affected glands before treatment, and samples were collected at 7 (+/-3), 14 (+/-3), and 21 (+/-3) d after commencement of treatment for SCC determination. Additionally, the rectal temperature, udder edema score, California Mastitis Test score, and milk clot score were determined before treatment and daily milk yield data were collected across the lactation. There were no differences between the treatment groups in calving date, days in milk, age, breed, rectal temperature, California Mastitis Test score, clot score, udder edema score, or bacterial pathogens isolated before treatment. There was no difference between treatment groups in the number of cows that were defined as treatment failures (i.e., re-treated within 24 d of initial treatment, died, or the treated gland stopped producing milk); 79 (21.9%) vs. 92 (25.1%) cows in the meloxicam and control groups failed, respectively. The SCC was lower in the meloxicam-treated group compared with the control group after treatment [550 +/- 48 vs. 711 +/- 62 geometric mean (x1,000/mL) +/- standard error of the mean SCC for quarters after treatment with meloxicam vs. control, respectively]. There was no difference in milk yield for the cows treated with meloxicam compared with the control cows within 28 or 200 d after treatment. Fewer meloxicam-treated than control cows were removed (culled) from the herds [39/237 (16.4%) vs. 67/237 (28.2%) for meloxicam vs. control cows, respectively; odds ratio = 0.42, 95% confidence interval = 0.26 to 0.68]. It was concluded that treatment of cows with clinical mastitis with a combination of meloxicam and penethamate resulted in a lower SCC and a reduced risk of removal from the herd (culling) compared with treatment with penethamate alone.
研究假设，与单独使用抗生素治疗相比，采用非甾体抗炎药（美洛昔康）和胃肠外抗生素（氢碘酸喷沙西林）联合治疗临床型乳腺炎，将使体细胞计数（SCC）降低、产奶量损失减少、临床治疗效果改善且淘汰率降低。对15个牛群中泌乳前200天（中位数 = 13天）发生临床型乳腺炎的奶牛，每天给予5 g氢碘酸喷沙西林，连续治疗3天，其中一半奶牛（n = 361头）给予250 mg非甾体抗炎药美洛昔康治疗，另一半（n = 366头）给予赋形剂治疗（对照组）。在治疗前从临床患病乳腺采集用于细菌学检测的乳样，并在治疗开始后7（±3）、14（±3）和21（±3）天采集乳样用于SCC测定。此外，在治疗前测定直肠温度、乳房水肿评分、加利福尼亚乳腺炎试验评分和乳凝块评分，并收集整个泌乳期的日产奶量数据。治疗组在产犊日期、泌乳天数、年龄、品种、直肠温度、加利福尼亚乳腺炎试验评分、凝块评分、乳房水肿评分或治疗前分离出的细菌病原体方面无差异。在被定义为治疗失败的奶牛数量方面，治疗组之间无差异（即，在初始治疗后24天内再次治疗、死亡或治疗的乳腺停止产奶）；美洛昔康组和对照组分别有79头（21.9%）和92头（25.1%）奶牛治疗失败。治疗后，美洛昔康治疗组的SCC低于对照组[美洛昔康组和对照组治疗后各季度SCC的几何平均数（×1,000/mL）±平均标准误分别为550±48和711±62]。治疗后28天或200天内，美洛昔康治疗的奶牛与对照奶牛的产奶量无差异。与对照组相比，美洛昔康治疗的奶牛被从牛群中淘汰（剔除）的数量更少[美洛昔康组和对照组分别为39/237（16.4%）和67/237（28.2%）；优势比 = 0.42，95%置信区间 = 0.26至0.68]。得出的结论是，与单独使用氢碘酸喷沙西林治疗相比，美洛昔康和氢碘酸喷沙西林联合治疗临床型乳腺炎的奶牛，SCC更低，从牛群中被淘汰（剔除）的风险降低。
