Kopecky K K, Hawes R H, Bogan M L, Griffith S L, Dreesen R G, Ulbright T M
Department of Radiology, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis.
Invest Radiol. 1990 Jun;25(6):627-30. doi: 10.1097/00004424-199006000-00002.
Human gallstones were surgically implanted in the gallbladders of 14 pigs. Nine to 16 days later a sheath was successfully placed percutaneously into the gallbladders of 13 animals using ultrasound and fluoroscopy. Two methods were used to guide laser fragmentation: (1) fluoroscopy and a steerable double lumen catheter (two animals), and (2) a flexible endoscope (11 animals). Laser treatment was done in 12 animals with a flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser. A mean of 3600 pulses/animal were delivered using a wavelength of 504 nm and a maximum energy of 60 mJ/pulse. No fragmentation occurred in two animals, partial fragmentation occurred in six, and complete fragmentation occurred in four. Endoscopic guidance was superior to fluoroscopic guidance. Complications (sheath dislodgment, gallbladder perforation, bleeding) occurred in eight of 14 animals. Pulsed-dye laser fragmentation of gallbladder stones is feasible using endoscopic guidance. The use of this technique through an acute percutaneous tract may be associated with complications.
将人类胆结石通过手术植入14头猪的胆囊中。9至16天后，利用超声和荧光镜检查，成功地经皮将鞘管置入13只动物的胆囊内。采用两种方法引导激光碎石：（1）荧光镜检查和可操纵双腔导管（2只动物），以及（2）柔性内窥镜（11只动物）。用闪光灯泵浦脉冲染料激光对12只动物进行激光治疗。使用波长504nm、最大能量60mJ/脉冲，平均每只动物发射3600个脉冲。2只动物未发生碎石，6只发生部分碎石，4只发生完全碎石。内镜引导优于荧光镜引导。14只动物中有8只出现并发症（鞘管移位、胆囊穿孔、出血）。在内镜引导下，脉冲染料激光粉碎胆囊结石是可行的。通过急性经皮通道使用该技术可能会出现并发症。
