School of Veterinary Nursing & Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
Vet Res Commun. 2009 Dec;33(8):957-70. doi: 10.1007/s11259-009-9314-4. Epub 2009 Sep 2.
Glimepiride and nateglinide are two common oral hypoglycemic agents currently being used with humans suffering from Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Neither drug has been tested with cats thus far and it is currently unknown whether either of these drugs exert any effect in cats or not. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of glimepiride and nateglinide on glucose and insulin responses in healthy control cats, in order to determine their potential use in diabetic cats. The intravenous glucose tolerance tests was carried out since it is an excellent test for evaluating pancreatic beta-cell function for insulin secretion. Alterations in the insulin secretion pattern can be perceived as the earliest sign of beta-cell dysfunction in many species, including cats. Nateglinide demonstrated a quick action/short duration type effect with serum glucose nadiring and insulin response peaking at 60 and 20 minutes, respectively. Alternatively, glimepiride is medium-to-long acting with serum glucose nadiring and insulin response peaking at 180 minutes and 60 minutes, respectively. Nateglinide's potency was evident allowing it to induce a 1.5-2 higher preliminary insulin peak (3.7 +/- 1.1 pg/ml) than glimepiride's (2.5 +/- 0.1 pg/ml), albeit only for a short period of time. Because glimepiride and nateglinide have a shared mode of action, no significant differences in overall glucose AUC(0-360 min) (24,435 +/- 2,940 versus 24,782 +/- 2,354 mg min/dl) and insulin AUC(0-360 min) (410 +/- 192 versus 460 +/- 159) in healthy control cats were observed. These findings may provide useful information when choosing a hypoglycemic drug suited for the treatment of diabetic cats depending on the degree of diabetes mellitus the cat is suffering from.
格列美脲和那格列奈是两种常用于治疗 2 型糖尿病患者的口服降糖药。到目前为止，这两种药物都没有在猫身上进行过测试，目前还不清楚这两种药物在猫身上是否有任何作用。本研究的目的是确定格列美脲和那格列奈对健康对照猫的葡萄糖和胰岛素反应的影响，以确定它们在糖尿病猫中的潜在用途。由于静脉葡萄糖耐量试验是评估胰岛素分泌的胰腺β细胞功能的极好试验，因此进行了该试验。在许多物种中，包括猫，胰岛素分泌模式的改变可以被视为β细胞功能障碍的最早迹象。那格列奈的作用迅速/持续时间短，血清葡萄糖峰值和胰岛素反应分别在 60 分钟和 20 分钟达到峰值。相比之下，格列美脲的作用时间为中-长，血清葡萄糖峰值和胰岛素反应分别在 180 分钟和 60 分钟达到峰值。那格列奈的效力明显，使其能够诱导比格列美脲（2.5 ± 0.1 pg/ml）高 1.5-2 倍的初步胰岛素峰值（3.7 ± 1.1 pg/ml），尽管只是短时间内。由于格列美脲和那格列奈具有共同的作用机制，在健康对照猫中，总体葡萄糖 AUC（0-360 分钟）（24,435 ± 2,940 与 24,782 ± 2,354 mg min/dl）和胰岛素 AUC（0-360 分钟）（410 ± 192 与 460 ± 159）没有显著差异。这些发现可能为根据猫患糖尿病的程度选择适合治疗糖尿病猫的降糖药物提供有用信息。
