Clinical Sciences Research Institute, University of Warwick Medical School, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, UK.
Placenta. 2009 Oct;30(10):919-22. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.08.005. Epub 2009 Sep 6.
Bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) catalyses the formation of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) a ligand of haemoglobin. BPG facilitates liberation of oxygen from haemoglobin at low oxygen tension enabling efficient delivery of oxygen to tissues. We describe expression of BPGM in mouse labyrinthine trophoblasts, located at the maternal-placental interface. Expression is lower in placentae of igf2(+/-) knockout mice, a widely used model of growth restriction, compared to wild type placentae. Circulating maternal BPG increased throughout gestation but this increase was less in wt mothers carrying igf2(+/-) pups than in those carrying exclusively wt pups. This reduction was observed well before term and may contribute to the low birth weight of igf2(+/-) pups. Strikingly, we also measured reductions of fetal and placental weight in wt littermates of igf2(+/-) pups compared to pups developing in an exclusively wt environment. These data suggest that placental expression of BPGM can influence maternal BPG concentrations and supports a hypothesis under which BPG synthesized in the placenta may act on maternal haemoglobin to enhance delivery of oxygen to the developing fetus.
磷酸甘油酸变位酶（BPGM）催化 2,3-双磷酸甘油酸（BPG）的形成，BPG 是血红蛋白的配体。BPG 有助于在低氧张力下从血红蛋白中释放氧气，从而有效地将氧气输送到组织中。我们描述了 BPGM 在位于母体胎盘界面的小鼠迷路滋养层中的表达。与野生型胎盘相比，在 IGF2（+/-）基因敲除小鼠的胎盘中，BPGM 的表达水平较低，IGF2（+/-）基因敲除小鼠是广泛使用的生长受限模型。循环母体 BPG 在整个孕期都增加，但在携带 IGF2（+/-）幼仔的 wt 母亲中，这种增加低于携带纯 wt 幼仔的母亲。这种减少在足月前就观察到了，可能导致 IGF2（+/-）幼仔的低出生体重。引人注目的是，我们还测量了 IGF2（+/-）幼仔的 wt 同窝仔与在纯 wt 环境中发育的幼仔相比，胎儿和胎盘重量的减少。这些数据表明，胎盘 BPGM 的表达可以影响母体 BPG 的浓度，并支持了一种假说，即胎盘合成的 BPG 可能作用于母体血红蛋白，以增强向发育中的胎儿输送氧气。
