Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010 Apr;35(3):422-9. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.08.004. Epub 2009 Sep 6.
Menopause denotes the end of the reproductive period in a woman's life and is characterized by gradually declining plasma levels of ovarian hormones. Mounting evidence suggests that prepulse inhibition (PPI) is sensitive to fluctuations in estradiol and progesterone. Deficits in PPI are associated with conditions characterized by increased levels of ovarian steroids, such as the mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and the third trimester of pregnancy. The aim of the current study was to further elucidate ovarian steroid-related effects on PPI by examining 43 women with regular menstrual cycles, 20 healthy postmenopausal women without hormone replacement treatment (HRT) and 21 healthy postmenopausal women with ongoing estradiol-only or estradiol and progesterone therapy (EPT). Cycling women were tested during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle while postmenopausal women were tested on any arbitrary day. The PPI was measured by electromyography. Cycling women exhibited lower levels of PPI than postmenopausal women (p<0.05). There were no differences in PPI between postmenopausal HRT users and non-users. However, postmenopausal women with estradiol serum concentrations in the cycling range had lower PPI than postmenopausal women with low estradiol concentrations (groupxPPI interaction, p<0.05). In conclusion, the results further suggest a role for the ovarian steroids in PPI regulation as PPI is increased in postmenopausal women in comparison to regularly menstruating women examined during the late luteal phase. Furthermore, postmenopausal women with estradiol levels in the cycling range had lower PPI than postmenopausal women with low estradiol levels.
绝经表示女性生殖期的结束，其特征是卵巢激素的血浆水平逐渐下降。越来越多的证据表明，预脉冲抑制（PPI）对雌二醇和孕酮的波动敏感。PPI 缺陷与卵巢类固醇水平升高有关，例如月经周期的黄体中期和妊娠的第三个三个月。本研究的目的是通过检查 43 名具有正常月经周期的女性、20 名健康的绝经后无激素替代治疗（HRT）的女性和 21 名正在接受雌二醇单药或雌二醇和孕激素治疗（EPT）的健康绝经后女性，进一步阐明卵巢类固醇对 PPI 的影响。月经周期的黄体晚期对排卵期女性进行 PPI 测试，而对绝经后女性则在任意一天进行测试。通过肌电图测量 PPI。排卵期女性的 PPI 水平低于绝经后女性（p<0.05）。绝经后 HRT 使用者和非使用者之间的 PPI 没有差异。然而，雌二醇血清浓度处于排卵范围内的绝经后女性的 PPI 低于雌二醇浓度低的绝经后女性（组间 PPI 相互作用，p<0.05）。总之，这些结果进一步表明卵巢类固醇在 PPI 调节中的作用，因为与处于黄体晚期的定期月经女性相比，绝经后女性的 PPI 增加。此外，雌二醇水平处于排卵范围内的绝经后女性的 PPI 低于雌二醇水平低的绝经后女性。
