Duarte de Figueiredo Luciana, Simão Sheila Marino
Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Laboratório de Bioacústica e Ecologia de Cetáceos, Instituto de Florestas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 km 7, Seropádica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2009 Sep;126(3):1563. doi: 10.1121/1.3158822.
According to the "signature whistle" hypothesis, dolphins emit stereotypic sequential whistles whose function is to transmit the identity and location of the whistling animal. However, it has also been proposed that the information signature may be expressed by distinct acoustical features within a single type of whistle shared by a population of dolphins. In an attempt to detect signature whistles from Sotalia guianensis living in Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 12 h of vocalizations were recorded. Following analysis of the spectrograms, the whistles were classified according to visual inspection and the contour similarity method. Although the identities of the whistling animals were not established, 202 whistle sequences were selected and classified by visual inspection into 27 different types of potential signature whistles. However, there was a large discrepancy between this classification method and that obtained using the quantitative contour similarity method. The arguments in support of the premise that S. guianensis produces signature whistles are discussed and the limitations of the classification systems employed are examined.
根据“标志性口哨”假说，海豚会发出刻板的连续口哨声，其功能是传递发出口哨声的动物的身份和位置。然而，也有人提出，信息特征可能由一群海豚共有的单一类型口哨中的不同声学特征来表达。为了从生活在巴西里约热内卢塞佩蒂巴湾的圭亚那白海豚身上检测标志性口哨，记录了12小时的发声。在对声谱图进行分析之后，根据目视检查和轮廓相似性方法对口哨进行分类。尽管未确定发出口哨声的动物的身份，但通过目视检查选择了202个口哨序列，并将其分类为27种不同类型的潜在标志性口哨。然而，这种分类方法与使用定量轮廓相似性方法得到的分类结果存在很大差异。文中讨论了支持圭亚那白海豚会发出标志性口哨这一前提的论据，并审视了所采用分类系统的局限性。
