Tun Patricia A, McCoy Sandra, Wingfield Arthur
Volen National Center for Complex Systems (MS 013), Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454-9110, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2009 Sep;24(3):761-6. doi: 10.1037/a0014802.
A dual-task interference paradigm was used to investigate the effect of perceptual effort on recall of spoken word lists by young and older adults with good hearing and with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. In addition to poorer recall accuracy, listeners with hearing loss, especially older adults, showed larger secondary task costs while recalling the word lists even though the stimuli were presented at a sound intensity that allowed correct word identification. Findings support the hypothesis that extra effort at the sensory-perceptual level attendant to hearing loss has negative consequences to downstream recall, an effect that may be further magnified with increased age.
采用双任务干扰范式，研究了感知努力对听力正常的年轻人和老年人以及轻度至中度听力损失的年轻人和老年人回忆口语单词列表的影响。除了回忆准确率较低外，听力损失的听众，尤其是老年人，在回忆单词列表时表现出更大的次要任务成本，尽管刺激是以允许正确识别单词的声音强度呈现的。研究结果支持了这样一种假设，即听力损失所伴随的感觉-感知水平上的额外努力会对下游回忆产生负面影响，随着年龄的增长，这种影响可能会进一步放大。
