Colon cancer. Clinical practice guidelines in oncology.

The NCCN Colon/Rectal/Anal Cancers Guidelines panel believes that a multidisciplinary approach is necessary for managing colorectal cancer. The panel endorses the concept that treating patients in a clinical trial has priority over standard or accepted therapy. The recommended surgical procedure for resectable colon cancer is an en bloc resection. For patients with stage III disease, 5-FU-based adjuvant therapy is recommended. A patient who has metastatic disease in the liver or lung should be considered for surgical resection if he or she is a candidate for surgery and if surgery can extend survival. Surgery should be followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The panel advocates a conservative post-treatment surveillance program for colon carcinoma patients. Serial CEA determinations are appropriate if the patient is a candidate for aggressive surgical resection should recurrence be detected. Abdominal and pelvic CT scans should be used only when there are clinical indications of possible recurrence. Patients whose disease progresses during 5-FU-based therapy should be treated with bolus irinotecan. Patients who progress on irinotecan are candidates for 5-FU/leucovorin/oxaliplatin therapy or should be encouraged to participate in a phase I or phase II clinical trial.