Park Kihong, Kim Jae-Seok, Park Seung Ho
Research Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea.
Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Sep 1;43(17):6710-6. doi: 10.1021/es900398q.
The tandem differential mobility analyzer (TDMA) technique was applied to determine the hygroscopicity and volatility of atmospheric ultrafine particles in three sites of urban Gwangju, industrial Yeosu, and coastal Taean in South Korea. A database for the hygroscopicity and volatility of the known compositions and sizes of the laboratory-generated particles wasfirst constructed for comparison with the measured properties of atmospheric ultrafine particles. Distinct differences in hygroscopicity and volatility of atmospheric ultrafine particles werefound between a "photochemical event" and a "combustion event" as well as among different sites. At the Gwangju site, ultrafine particles in the "photochemical event" were determined to be more hygroscopic (growth factor (GF) = 1.05-1.33) than those in the "combustion event" (GF = 1.02-1.12), but their hygroscopicity was not as high as pure ammonium sulfate or sulfuric acid particles in the laboratory-generated database, suggesting they were internally mixed with less soluble species. Ultrafine particles in the "photochemical event" at the Yeosu site, having a variety of SO2, CO, and VOC emission sources, were more hygroscopic (GF = 1.34-1.60) and had a higher amount of volatile species (47-75%)than those observed at the Gwangju site. Ultrafine particle concentration at the Taean site increased during daylight hours with low tide, having a higher GF (1.34-1.80) than the Gwangju site and a lower amount of volatile species (17-34%) than the Yeosu site. Occasionally ultrafine particles were externally mixed according to their hygroscopicity and volatility, and TEM/EDS data showed that each type of particle had a distinct morphology and elemental composition.
采用串联差分迁移率分析仪（TDMA）技术测定了韩国光州城市、丽水工业和泰安沿海三个地点大气超细颗粒物的吸湿性和挥发性。首先构建了实验室生成颗粒已知成分和尺寸的吸湿性和挥发性数据库，以便与大气超细颗粒物的测量特性进行比较。发现大气超细颗粒物的吸湿性和挥发性在“光化学事件”和“燃烧事件”之间以及不同地点之间存在明显差异。在光州站点，“光化学事件”中的超细颗粒物被确定比“燃烧事件”中的超细颗粒物更具吸湿性（生长因子（GF）=1.05 - 1.33），但它们的吸湿性不如实验室生成数据库中的纯硫酸铵或硫酸颗粒，这表明它们与难溶性物质内部混合。丽水站点“光化学事件”中的超细颗粒物有多种SO₂、CO和挥发性有机化合物排放源，比光州站点的超细颗粒物更具吸湿性（GF = 1.34 - 1.60）且挥发性物质含量更高（47 - 75%）。泰安站点的超细颗粒物浓度在白天退潮时增加，其GF（1.34 - 1.80）高于光州站点，挥发性物质含量（17 - 34%）低于丽水站点。偶尔，超细颗粒物会根据其吸湿性和挥发性进行外部混合，透射电子显微镜/能谱数据显示每种类型的颗粒都有独特的形态和元素组成。
