Neil Luke L, McCullough Cherie D, Lund Mark A, Evans Louis H, Tsvetnenko Yuri
Curtin University of Technology, 1 Turner Avenue, Bentley, WA, Australia.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 Nov;72(8):2046-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.08.013. Epub 2009 Sep 19.
Pit lakes are increasingly common worldwide and have potential to provide many benefits. However, lake water toxicity may require remediation before beneficial end uses can be realised. Three treatments to remediate AMD (pH approximately 4.8) pit lake water containing elevated concentrations of Al and Zn from Collie, Western Australia were tested in mesocosms. Treatments were: (a) limestone neutralisation (L), (b) phosphorus amendment (P), and (c) combined limestone neutralisation and phosphorus amendment (L+P). Laboratory bioassays with Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia, Chlorella protothecoides and Tetrahymena thermophila assessed remediation. Limestone neutralisation increased pH and reduced heavy metal concentrations by 98% (Al) to 14% (Mg), removing toxicity to the three test species within 2 months. Phosphorus amendment removed toxicity after 6 months of treatment. However, phosphorus amendment to prior limestone neutralisation failed to reduce toxicity more than limestone neutralisation alone. Low concentrations of both phosphorus and nitrogen appear to limit phytoplankton population growth in all treatments.
矿坑湖在全球范围内日益普遍，并且有潜力带来诸多益处。然而，在实现有益的最终用途之前，湖水毒性可能需要进行修复。在中宇宙实验中测试了三种处理方法，用于修复来自西澳大利亚科利的含有高浓度铝和锌的酸性矿山排水（pH约为4.8）矿坑湖水。处理方法包括：（a）石灰石中和（L），（b）添加磷（P），以及（c）石灰石中和与添加磷相结合（L + P）。使用近缘仙达溞、原壳小球藻和嗜热四膜虫进行的实验室生物测定评估了修复效果。石灰石中和提高了pH值，并使重金属浓度降低了98%（铝）至14%（镁），在2个月内消除了对三种受试物种的毒性。添加磷在处理6个月后消除了毒性。然而，在先前进行石灰石中和之后添加磷，其降低毒性的效果并不比单独使用石灰石中和更好。在所有处理中，低浓度的磷和氮似乎都限制了浮游植物种群的生长。
