Koch H E, Schofer M D, Fuchs-Winkelmann S, Lakemeier S
M.A. Kunstgeschichte, Kunstgeschichtliches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg i.Br., Deutschland.
Orthopade. 2010 Jan;39(1):75-9. doi: 10.1007/s00132-009-1515-6.
The use of artifical materials in joint replacement is not self-evident. A paradigm change can be observed. Beginning in the 18th century orthopedic surgery became possible because of a change of the idea of man. Natural growth was seen as ideal solution in orthopedic surgery until the 19th century. Yet in the aftermath the point of view changed to a more technical determined approach. Until the middle of the 20th century the terms "efficieny" and "ability" became more and more important. Joint replacement with artificial materials was generally accepted and led to an enormous accelaration in the development of new materials and surgical techniques.
在关节置换中使用人工材料并非不言而喻。可以观察到一种范式转变。从18世纪开始，由于对人的观念的改变，骨科手术成为可能。直到19世纪，自然生长在骨科手术中都被视为理想的解决方案。然而，随后观点转变为一种更由技术决定的方法。到20世纪中叶，“效率”和“能力”等术语变得越来越重要。用人工材料进行关节置换被普遍接受，并极大地加速了新材料和手术技术的发展。
