Honório N A, Codeço C T, Alves F C, Magalhães M A F M, Lourenço-De-Oliveira R
Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21045-900, Brasil.
J Med Entomol. 2009 Sep;46(5):1001-14. doi: 10.1603/033.046.0505.
Dengue dynamics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as in many dengue-endemic regions of the world, is seasonal, with peaks during the wet-hot months. This temporal pattern is generally attributed to the dynamics of its mosquito vector Aedes aegypti (L.). The objectives of this study were to characterize the temporal pattern of Ae. aegypti population dynamics in three neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro and its association with local meteorological variables; and to compare positivity and density indices obtained with ovitraps and MosquiTraps. The three neighborhoods are distinct in vegetation coverage, sanitation, water supply, and urbanization. Mosquito sampling was carried out weekly, from September 2006 to March 2008, a period during which large dengue epidemics occurred in the city. Our results show peaks of oviposition in early summer 2007 and late summer 2008, detected by both traps. The ovitrap provided a more sensitive index than MosquiTrap. The MosquiTrap detection threshold showed high variation among areas, corresponding to a mean egg density of approximately 25-52 eggs per ovitrap. Both temperature and rainfall were significantly related to Ae. aegypti indices at a short (1 wk) time lag. Our results suggest that mean weekly temperature above 22-24 degrees C is strongly associated with high Ae. aegypti abundance and consequently with an increased risk of dengue transmission. Understanding the effects of meteorological variables on Ae. aegypti population dynamics will help to target control measures at the times when vector populations are greatest, contributing to the development of climate-based control and surveillance measures for dengue fever in a hyperendemic area.
与世界上许多登革热流行地区一样，巴西里约热内卢的登革热动态具有季节性，在湿热月份达到高峰。这种时间模式通常归因于其病媒埃及伊蚊（L.）的动态变化。本研究的目的是描述里约热内卢三个社区埃及伊蚊种群动态的时间模式及其与当地气象变量的关联；并比较使用诱蚊产卵器和蚊虫诱捕器获得的阳性率和密度指数。这三个社区在植被覆盖、卫生设施、供水和城市化方面各不相同。从2006年9月至2008年3月每周进行蚊虫采样，在此期间该市发生了大规模登革热疫情。我们的结果显示，两种诱捕器均检测到2007年初夏和2008年夏末出现产卵高峰。诱蚊产卵器提供的指数比蚊虫诱捕器更敏感。蚊虫诱捕器的检测阈值在不同区域间变化很大，对应每个诱蚊产卵器平均卵密度约为25 - 52枚卵。温度和降雨量在短（1周）时间滞后时均与埃及伊蚊指数显著相关。我们的结果表明，每周平均温度高于22 - 24摄氏度与埃及伊蚊的高丰度密切相关，进而与登革热传播风险增加相关。了解气象变量对埃及伊蚊种群动态的影响将有助于在病媒种群数量最多时针对性地采取控制措施，有助于制定基于气候的高流行地区登革热控制和监测措施。
