Xu Ming-Gang, Zhang Qian, Sun Nan, Shen Hua-Ping, Zhang Wen-Ju
Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrient and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2009 Jul 15;30(7):2053-8.
Bio-availability of Cu and Zn fixed by phosphate in contaminated soils with application of nutrients were measured by pot experiment. It was simulated for the third national standardization of copper and zinc polluted soils by adding copper and zinc nitrate into red and paddy soils, respectively and together. Phosphate amendment was added to the soils to fix Cu and Zn, then added KCl and NH4Cl or K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 fertilizers following to plant Ryegrass, which was harvested after 40 d. Available Cu/Zn content in soils and biomass, Cu/Zn content in the shoot of Ryegrass were determined. Results showed that, compared with no nutrient application, adding KCl and NH4 Cl/K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 to polluted red and paddy soils increased the available Cu and Zn content in red soil significantly. The increasing order was KCl and NH4 Cl > K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4. Especially in single Zn polluted red soil, the available Zn content increased by 133.4% in maximum. Although adding K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 could promote the growth of Ryegrass on red soil, and the largest increasing was up to 22.2%, it increased Cu and Zn content in the shoot of Ryegrass for 21.5%-112.6% remarkably. These nutrient effects on available Cu and Zn were not significantly in paddy soil. It was suggested that application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to soils could change the bioavailability of Cu/Zn. So it is necessary to take full account of the nutrient influence to the heavy metal stability which fixed by phosphate in contaminated soils when consider contaminated soils remediation by fertilization.
通过盆栽试验测定了施加养分后污染土壤中磷固定的铜和锌的生物有效性。分别向红壤和水稻土中添加硝酸铜和硝酸锌，模拟第三次全国土壤铜、锌污染状况。向土壤中添加磷改性剂以固定铜和锌，然后添加氯化钾和氯化铵或硫酸钾和硫酸铵肥料，种植黑麦草，40天后收获。测定了土壤中有效铜/锌含量、生物量以及黑麦草地上部铜/锌含量。结果表明，与不施肥相比，向污染的红壤和水稻土中添加氯化钾和氯化铵/硫酸钾和硫酸铵显著增加了红壤中有效铜和锌的含量。增加顺序为氯化钾和氯化铵>硫酸钾和硫酸铵。特别是在单一锌污染的红壤中，有效锌含量最高增加了133.4%。虽然添加硫酸钾和硫酸铵可以促进红壤上黑麦草的生长，最大增幅高达22.2%，但显著增加了黑麦草地上部铜和锌含量的21.5%-112.6%。这些养分对水稻土中有效铜和锌的影响不显著。研究表明，向土壤中施用氮钾肥会改变铜/锌的生物有效性。因此，在考虑通过施肥修复污染土壤时，有必要充分考虑养分对污染土壤中磷固定的重金属稳定性的影响。
