Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2010 Apr;39(2):373-6. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9552-0.
The category of "Not Otherwise Specified" (NOS) for DSM-based psychiatric diagnosis has typically retained diagnoses whose rarity, empirical criterion validation or symptomatic expression has been insufficient to be codified. This article reviews the literature on Telephone Scatologia, Necrophilia, Zoophilia, Urophilia, Coprophilia, and Partialism. Based on extant data, no changes are suggested except for the status of Partialism. Partialism, sexual arousal characterized by "an exclusive focus on part of the body," had historically been subsumed as a type of Fetishism until the advent of DSM-III-R. The rationale for considering the removal of Partialism from Paraphilia NOS and its reintegration as a specifier for Fetishism is discussed here and in a companion review on the DSM diagnostic criteria for fetishism (Kafka, 2009). In the DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR, the essential features of a Paraphilia are recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors generally involving nonhuman objects, the suffering or humiliation of oneself or one's partner, or children or other nonconsenting persons that occur over a period of at least 6 months (Criterion A). Given consideration for the erotic focus of Partialism and Autoerotic Asphyxia, amending the operational criteria for Paraphilia should be considered to include an atypical focus involving human subjects (self or others).
DSM 为基础的精神科诊断中“未特定”（NOS）类别通常保留了那些罕见、经验标准验证或症状表现不足以为其编码的诊断。本文回顾了有关电话性施虐、恋尸癖、恋兽癖、尿恋癖、粪恋癖和部分主义的文献。基于现有数据，除了部分主义的地位外，不建议进行任何更改。部分主义是指“对身体的某个部分的排他性关注”的性唤起特征，在 DSM-III-R 出现之前，它一直被归入恋物癖的一种类型。考虑将部分主义从性变态 NOS 中删除，并将其重新整合为恋物癖的一个特征的理由在这里以及在关于恋物癖 DSM 诊断标准的伴随评论中进行了讨论（卡夫卡，2009 年）。在 DSM-IV 和 DSM-IV-TR 中，性变态的基本特征是反复出现的、强烈的性唤起幻想、性冲动或行为，通常涉及非人类物体，涉及自己或伴侣的痛苦或羞辱，或儿童或其他非同意的人，持续至少 6 个月（标准 A）。考虑到部分主义和自慰性窒息的色情焦点，应该考虑修改性变态的操作标准，以包括涉及人类主体（自己或他人）的非典型焦点。
