Hudson C P
Department of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Lancet. 1990 Dec 1;336(8727):1364-7. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92906-x.
For developing countries the cost-benefit of vaccination in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is great since the acute infection is generally subclinical and the benefit is the prevention of small numbers of cases of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since the pattern of HBV infection in Africa is such that, compared with south-east Asia, infection occurs later in childhood and spread is horizontal rather than vertical, investigation of the method of spread of HBV may result in a means of control other than by vaccination. In the meantime, because of the overlap in the means by which HBV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are spread, it could be worthwhile taking advantage of existing AIDS prevention programmes to educate people about how to avoid both HBV and HIV infections.
对于发展中国家而言，接种疫苗控制乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的成本效益很高，因为急性感染通常是亚临床的，其益处在于预防少量肝硬化和肝细胞癌病例。由于非洲的HBV感染模式与东南亚相比，感染在儿童期较晚发生且传播是水平传播而非垂直传播，对HBV传播方式的研究可能会产生除接种疫苗之外的控制方法。与此同时，由于HBV和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播方式存在重叠，利用现有的艾滋病预防项目来教育人们如何避免HBV和HIV感染可能是值得的。
