James Eric R
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2004;9(2):7-20.
The Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) has been successful in controlling transmission of onchocerciasis in large areas of the savanna and rain forest of Central West Africa. Within the center of the OCP, individual infection levels have declined to zero, children born within the last fifteen years are disease free and the progression of ocular disease in older members of the population has been halted. Control has been achieved by the application of insecticides to the aquatic breeding sites of the Simulium intermediate host. Control has been maintained despite development of insecticide resistance in certain areas, migration of infected people into the OCP zone, and temporary recolonization by migratory Simulium. Insecticide mediated control is now beginning to be supplemented by mass chemotherapy using ivermectin. Resettlement into onchocerciasis-free areas, diversification of agricultural practices and enhanced agricultural productivity have been occurring steadily. There now exists a real prospect of significant socioeconomic advancement for the whole of this region of Africa, and by some measures of national agricultural output and gross national product this process is already occurring.
盘尾丝虫病控制计划（OCP）已成功控制了西非中西部大片稀树草原和雨林地区的盘尾丝虫病传播。在OCP中心区域，个体感染水平已降至零，过去十五年内出生的儿童无病，且该人群中老年人的眼部疾病进展已得到遏制。通过在蚋中间宿主的水生繁殖地施用杀虫剂实现了控制。尽管某些地区出现了杀虫剂抗性、感染人群迁入OCP区域以及迁徙蚋的临时重新定殖，但控制措施仍得以维持。目前，杀虫剂介导的控制措施正开始通过使用伊维菌素进行大规模化疗来加以补充。向无盘尾丝虫病地区的重新安置、农业实践的多样化以及农业生产力的提高一直在稳步进行。现在，整个非洲这一地区实现显著社会经济进步的前景切实存在，而且从国家农业产出和国民生产总值的某些衡量标准来看，这一进程已经在发生。
