Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3715, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Hum Mov Sci. 2010 Oct;29(5):809-19. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2009.07.009. Epub 2009 Sep 27.
We investigated adult age differences in dual-task costs in cognitive-sensorimotor settings without concurrent response production and with individually adjusted resource demands for the cognitive task. Twenty-four young adults (M=25.42 years, SD=3.55) and 23 older adults (M=68 years, SD=4.46) performed a cognitive task and two postural control tasks (standing on a stable and moving platform) both separately (single-task context) and concurrently (dual-task context). The cognitive task did not require response production during posture data collection and its difficulty was individually adjusted to 80% correct performance under single-task conditions. Results showed pronounced age differences in postural control in the moving platform condition, which increased further under dual-task conditions. Our findings support the assumption of increased cognitive resource demands for postural control in older adults. They extend existing work by taking two shortcomings of previous studies into account. We discuss cognitive and posture task constraints in this and previous studies as factors determining multi-tasking and its changes in later adulthood.
我们研究了认知-感觉运动环境中双重任务成本的成人年龄差异，在这种环境中，没有同时进行反应产生，并且认知任务的资源需求是单独调整的。24 名年轻人（M=25.42 岁，SD=3.55）和 23 名老年人（M=68 岁，SD=4.46）分别（单任务环境）和同时（双重任务环境）执行认知任务和两个姿势控制任务（站在稳定和移动平台上）。在收集姿势数据时，认知任务不需要进行反应产生，并且其难度根据单任务条件下 80%的正确表现进行单独调整。结果表明，在移动平台条件下，姿势控制存在明显的年龄差异，在双重任务条件下进一步增加。我们的研究结果支持了老年人对姿势控制需要更多认知资源的假设。我们通过考虑以前研究中的两个缺点来扩展现有的工作。我们在这篇文章和以前的研究中讨论了认知和姿势任务的限制，作为决定多任务及其在成年后期变化的因素。
